Effect of Interactive Education on Self-foot Exams in Type 2 Diabetes
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In the United States, 30 million individuals are affected by type 2 diabetes, with all at risk for complications and decreased quality of life. Diabetic foot ulcers and amputations cost $4.9 billion annually in the U.S. but can be prevented through patient-driven self-care. The purpose of this project was to determine if interactive diabetic foot exam patient education impacts self-foot exam frequency and to examine perceived barriers for daily self-foot exams in type 2 diabetic patients over the age of 50 during a five-month period at an outpatient clinic setting. The quasi-experimental project used a single group design with pre and post-intervention evaluation. Participants from convenience sampling included 106 patients from a Midwest outpatient medical practice. The evidence-based project intervention included written and verbal interactive education emphasizing the skills, ease, and importance of daily self-foot exams. The number of diabetics who perform self foot exams was assessed before and after the educational intervention, along with patient-perceived barriers to performing daily self-foot exams using the Diabetic Foot Ulcer Health Belief Scale. The number of patients who reported performing daily self-foot exams was higher than expected on the pre assessment. Interactive education prompted increased self-foot exams in 74 paired pre-post assessments. The published evidence and project results support that healthcare providers should discuss specific self-foot exam criteria when educating and assessing the frequency of daily self foot exams. Emphasizing the importance of diabetic self-foot care while being mindful of common barriers can increase patient performed exams and lead to improved outcomes
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Open Access (fully available)