Three case studies on the impact of inequality on agricultural efficiency, productivity, and the adoption and intensity of use of climate-smart practices
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In this three-chapter Dissertation we explore the effect of inequality--particularly land inequality--on three different aspects of agricultural production: technical inefficiency, total factor productivity, and the adoption and intensity of use of climate-smart agricultural practices. In the first chapter, we employ a sample of fifteen Latin American rural sectors over a period of seventeen years (2005-2021), and implement a Stochastic Frontier Analysis methodology, finding a positive effect of inequality on technical inefficiency. In the second chapter, we use a sample of 299 transitory-crop farmers of the Peruvian highlands and two alternative empirical strategies: a dynamic panel data model, and a control function approach; finding a negative effect of land inequality (measured by the Gini and Theil coefficients) on total factor productivity. And finally, in the third chapter, we exploit a larger sample of over four-thousand farmers from the same Peruvian region and a double-hurdle modelling approach, finding a negative effect of land inequality (measured by the Gini index and the Kakwani relative land deprivation index) on the probability of adoption of climate-smart agricultural practices.
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Ph. D.