Energy necessary to shear steel at high temperatures
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"Experimental data concerning the resistance of metals at high temperatures are very limited. One reason for this doubtless is that special apparatus must be constructed to make the necessary tests, as ordinary testing machines operate too slowly to be used with materials that must be manipulated at the high temperatures. But probably a more significant reason lies in the fact that the practical use and application of such information is restricted to a special field, since designers usually have to deal with materials at atmospheric temperatures. In designing certain machines, however, such as shears and presses for working hot steel, it is important to know the shearing resistance of the metal dealt with at the working temperatures. It was in the hope of gaining some information on this subject that the tests herein reported were undertaken. The experimental shear was first constructed with rotary blades designed to cut stock ranging up to three inches in diameter. However, after a number of tests were made with this design, the rotary blades were replaced by an attachment which converted the machine into a straight shear. By this means it becomes possible to make a comparison of the power required by the two methods of shearing. While the results are admittedly incomplete and somewhat erratic due to imperfections in the apparatus, it is hoped that they may prove of some interest to designers of this type of machinery and that others may be encouraged to inaugurate further tests in this field."--Introduction.