Automated potentiometric techniques for the on-site monitoring of anion concentrations in water
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Abstract
Characteristics of several of the new non-glass ion-selective electrodes and of several reference electrodes were studied in detail. The most significant finding of the research was the development of a new high accuracy standard addition technique for the potentiometric determination of nitrate ion in a cell without liquid junction using the fluoride ion-selective electrode as a reference. This method eliminates the liquid junction and dilution and activity coefficient changes cancel. The standard addition technique with the fluoride electrode as a reference is applicable to all monovalent anions for which an electrode is available and enables the determination of anion concentrations to within 1 percent relative accuracy. Low temperature potentiometric titrations of perchlorate and tetrafluoroborate ions were investigated and found to give very high accuracy and reasonably good sensitivity for these ions. Tetraphenylarsonium chloride was used as a titrant for perchlorate and tetrafluoroborate. The application of the nitrate ion-selective electrode to following nitrate ion concentration in microbial cultures was investigated. It was found to be useful for following nitrate ion reduction in situ.
This material is based upon work supported by the U.S. Geological Survey and the Missouri Water Center under the Grant/Cooperative Agreement.
The views and conclusions contained in this document are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as representing the opinions or policies of the U.S. Geological Survey or Missouri Water Center. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute their endorsement by the U.S. Geological Survey or Missouri Water Center.
This material is based upon work supported by the U.S. Geological Survey and the Missouri Water Center under the Grant/Cooperative Agreement.
The views and conclusions contained in this document are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as representing the opinions or policies of the U.S. Geological Survey or Missouri Water Center. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute their endorsement by the U.S. Geological Survey or Missouri Water Center.