Screening Mammography for Reducing Breast Cancer Mortality
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Screening mammography reduces breast cancer mortality in women 40 to 49 years of age who have an average risk of breast cancer. (Strength of Recommendation: A, based on eight randomized controlled trials [RCTs].) The relative risk reduction in this age group is 15 percent, similar to that of women 50 years and older (14 percent). To prevent one breast cancer death, 1,904 women 40 to 49 years of age must be screened annually for 10 years, compared with 1,339 women 50 to 59 years of age. Although both age groups appear to have a similar relative risk reduction from routine screening, women 40 to 49 years of age have a smaller absolute risk reduction and may experience greater harms from screening compared with older women. These potential harms include false-positive results, diagnosis and treatment for cancer that would not have become clinically evident during the woman's lifetime, false-negative results (i.e., false reassurance), radiation exposure, biopsies, and anxiety.
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 License.