Objective assessment of computed tomographic attenuation of inspiratory and expiratory series in dogs with and without bronchomalacia
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Paired inspiratory:expiratory breath-hold computed tomographic scans (I:E-BH CT) capture thoracic images with control of respiratory phase, important with dynamic airway collapse. Radiomics allows assessment of objective metrics of lung attenuation. Hypothesis/Objectives: Dogs with bronchomalacia (BM) would have significantly different objective metrics of attenuation on I:E-BH CT reflecting changes in airway caliber and impaired downstream parenchymal aeration versus dogs without BM (NoBM). The objectives of this study were to document objective metrics of attenuation of the pulmonary parenchyma on I:E-BH CT in dogs with BM and NoBM using automated software analysis. Metics included mean lung attenuation (MLA), percent low attenuation area -856 Hounsfield units (HU; LAA percent-856), percentage high attenuating areas -700 HU (HAA percent-700), and percent attenuation area between -600 and -250 HU (HAA percent-600--250). Participants included client-owned dogs with BM (n=123) and NoBM (n=20). This retrospective study utilized 3D Slicer software to assess CT attenuation. Analysis used Spearman correlation and 2-way ANOVA with beta regression. When comparing the difference between inspiratory/expiratory phases, there was a significantly greater increase in MLA (p=0.001), a significant reduction in LAA percent-856 (p=0.016), and a significant increase in HAA percent-700 and HAA percent-600-250 (p [less than] 0.001 and p [less than] 0.0001, respectively) in BM versus NoBM dogs. In conclusion, a higher lung attenuation in BM dogs supports presence of impaired downstream parenchymal aeration to segmental and subsegmental airway collapse. Quantitative imaging holds promise for objectively evaluating changes with BM.
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M.S.