Periconceptional, gestational, and lactational exposure to unconventional oil and gas chemical mixture alters energy expenditure in adult female mice
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[ACCESS RESTRICTED TO THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI SYSTEM AT AUTHOR'S REQUEST.] Unconventional oil and gas (UOG) processes involves injection of pressurized water, chemicals, and suspended solids thousands of feet under the surface to release natural gas and oil. Previously our lab has shown antagonist activity in 23 of 24 UOG chemicals tested for estrogen, androgen, progesterone, glucocorticoid, and/or thyroid receptors. We hypothesized that developmental exposure to a mixture of 23 chemicals used in UOG processes would program the fetus and alter metabolism in adulthood and would be exacerbated by age and a high fat high sugar diet. A lab made mixture of 23 UOG chemicals at equimass concentrations was administered via drinking water at a range of dosages to pregnant and lactating mice from gestation day 1 to postnatal day 21 and offspring were analyzed at 7 months of age and again at 12 months of age on a high fat and high sugar diet. Developmental exposure was associated with altered pre-pubertal body weight and adult energy expenditure in 7-month-old female mice, particularly in the dark cycle when mice are more active. At 12 months of age on a high fat diet there was increased spontaneous activity (beam breaks) and total meters travelled during the light cycle, when mice are less active. Mice also had increased exploratory activity in the elevated plus maze. More active treatment groups also had an increase in energy expenditure, and a decrease in fat mass. These results suggest the potential for developmental health outcomes related to activity in humans and animals exposed to UOG chemicals.
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Ed. D.
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