The effects of Tier 1 Positive Behavioral Interventions and Supports on student mental health risk
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Youth mental health needs are a significant concern, and students from different sociodemographic backgrounds experience disparate mental health difficulties. Unfortunately, most youth with mental health challenges do not obtain services in traditional mental healthcare systems. One recommendation to address the service gap is to provide school-based mental health services within a Multi-Tiered Systems of Support (MTSS) framework. Positive Behavior Interventions and Supports (PBIS) is a research-supported MTSS framework that has been shown effective at improving social, emotional, and behavioral outcomes for students. However, research examining the impact of PBIS on youth mental health is limited. This study addresses this gap in the literature by comparing student mental health risk, as identified on a universal screening instrument (the Early Identification System Self-Report), across elementary and middle schools implementing Tier 1 PBIS to schools not implementing PBIS. Moreover, the relationship between PBIS implementation and student mental health risk is explored across different student demographic subgroups (i.e., race, gender, disability, socioeconomic status) and specific types of mental health risk (i.e., internalizing, externalizing, peer relationships, emotion dysregulation, bullying, and school disengagement). Results from this study provide preliminary information regarding the extent to which adopting or sustaining Tier 1 PBIS is a potentially beneficial approach for preventing and responding to youth mental health needs.
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Ph. D.