The biosystematics of the Lupinus argenteus complex and allies
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"Introduction: For many years there has been great confusion in the nomenclature of Lupinus. Many authors have contributed numerous names as they interpreted the morphological variations. Since the work of Sereno Watson (1873) there has not been an attempt to make a monographic study of the perennial lupines of the United States. Individual authors have attempted to work up the treatment of Lupinus for their particular state without reference to the taxa described in neighboring areas. It was believed that a careful monographic study of related taxa was badly needed and could help clear-up some of the confusion. The large flowered members of the Lupinus argenteus complex and its apparent relatives were selected as a group extending widely in the Rocky Mountain area, which could be studied as a starting point. Since three taxa of this group existed in the Crested Butte area (near the Rocky Mountain Biological Laboratory) it was believed that work on the possible genetic barriers could be utilized in interbreeding studies to shed some additional light on the relationships within the group. No biosystematic technique, such as breeding studies, has been used in the previous studies. The present study then is the first attempt at a monograph on this related segment of Lupinus using both field work and the extensive collections that have been accumulated to date. Field collections were made throughout the extensive range of the Great Basin and western face of the Rockies inhabited by the various members of this group. Collections of various other workers and the major herbaria of the area were also used. The ecology, geography, and especially the monographic comparisons and breeding studies have hopefully given an improved understanding of the relationship within this complex. From this understanding of the genetically significant groups, as biological populations of nature, the taxa are defined and interpreted. An understanding of the extremely varied ecology of the extensive range involved, as well as its cataclysmic geological history is important to an understanding of the evolution and hence the phylogeny of the taxa of the complex. For this reason the geological history, especially glaciation, has been reviewed and related since most of the range has probably been invaded in post glacial times. The basic ecology of the range is also considered. Chromosome numbers have been counted but are of little value in the biosystematics of these lupines since they are octaploid and are extremely small. This and other unique problems pertaining to the interpretation of the speciation of polyploids have also been reviewed."--Page 1.
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