From biomass to graphene-based materials : laser-induced graphene synthesis and multifunctional applications
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This dissertation presents a comprehensive study advancing the synthesis of laser- induced graphene (LIG) from biomass sources toward the development of high- performance electronics. The research explores a variety of biomass precursors, including lignin, switchgrass bio-oil byproducts, and lignocellulose composites, establishing efficient methodologies for developing LIG with enhanced properties for electronic applications. The study utilized kraft lignin in an alkaline ketone solvent system to produce LIG with ultralow defect levels and enhanced conductivity through direct laser writing under ambient conditions, demonstrated in wearable tactile sensor applications. Additionally, the study introduces the use of bottom residue from bio-oil distillation to develop a reusable graphene precursor. This precursor consistently yields high-quality graphene across multiple laser-scribing cycles and generates self-detached LIG that can be facilely transferred onto any adhesive substrate, significantly improving LIG production efficiency and expanding its application potential. Furthermore, the research introduces a novel borax-water activation treatment for nanocellulose, allowing the creation of 3D paper models with high resilience and mechanical strength through molding techniques. Finally, the dissertation presents a facile method for developing bio- paper with controlled lignin loading from lignin-containing cellulose derived from switchgrass fractionation. This bio-paper acts as an efficient precursor for LIG, showcasing significant practical potential in heavy metal detection sensors. Overall, these findings underscore the transformative potential of biomass-derived LIG in advancing sustainable, high-performance graphene-based applications, highlighting the innovative pathways for future electronic developments.
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Ph. D.