The 1898 Reform Movement, Britain, and China: an examination of four British writers on British-Chinese relations 1895-1900
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[ACCESS RESTRICTED TO THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI AT AUTHOR'S REQUEST.] This Master's project examines the factors, policies, and goals that four British authors- Edward Harper Parker, Holt Samuel Hallett, Robert Kennaway Douglas, and Richard Simpson Gundry- considered essential to British-Chinese relations between 1895 and 1900. This project explores Britain's late 1890s interactions with China, an understudied but important point in international relations and Chinese history. Furthermore, it argues that the 1898 Reform Movement and its consequences was the most significant event in 1895-1900 China. This stands in direct contrast to much scholarly work which emphasizes the importance of the Boxer Uprising. The project's author-based approach allows certain similarities and differences to emerge. It also offers connects a variety of topics- including China's domestic situation, the international pressures and participants in China, British policies and interests in China, the 1898 Reform, the 1898 coup d'état, and the situation in China by 1900- into a more comprehensive picture. Overall, all four authors wanted China to be preserved for the sake of British commerce and thus supported reforms in China.
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