A cell atlas of swine immune system development
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Swine are an agricultural species of global economic importance. Additionally, pigs are increasingly used as biomedical models for a range of human diseases as they share many physiological, metabolic, and developmental similarities to humans. Diseases that involve the immune system, especially those caused by infectious diseases, can result in significant losses in swine production. Understanding the porcine immune system is crucial to efforts to control and prevent such diseases. It also promotes using pigs as a preclinical model to study human immunological illnesses. However, many aspects of the pig's immune system remain poorly understood. This thesis describes using single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) to create a cell atlas of pig fetal hematopoiesis which was compared to published human scRNA-seq datasets. Cells isolated from fetal liver were collected at 45 days of gestation (DG), while cells from thymi and bone marrow were isolated at 48-, 60-, 75-, and 90- DG as well as 1 day of age (DOA) and 7-months of age (MOA) after birth. This data establishes a new reference map of immune cell differentiation across major immune organs and shows conserved features as well as species-specific differences in cell states and cell types compared with human hematopoiesis. Our results provide a resource to better understand the porcine immune system and immune-related diseases in pigs.
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M.S.