• Do preparticipation clinical exams reduce morbidity and mortality for athletes? 

    Hulkower, Stephen D.; Fagan, E. Blake; Watts, Jana; Ketterman, Elizabeth (Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2005)
    Though clinical preparticipation exams (PPE) are recommended by experts and required in most states, we found no medium- or better-quality evidence that demonstrates they reduce mortality or morbidity. PPEs detect only a ...