This chapter reviews and discusses rational-choice approaches to organizational governance. These approaches are found primarily in organizational economics (virtually no rational-choice organizational sociology exists), ...

The “transaction cost” theory of the firm introduced by Coase (1937) has become a standard framework for the study of institutional arrangements. The Coasian framework helps explain not only the existence of the firm, ...

This article reviews the advances in neoclassical, coalition-game theoretic, and new institutional-nexus of contracts applications of economic theory to agricultural cooperative literature published in English language ...

Since the end of World War II an increasing number of social movements have claimed that they are practicing nonviolent civil disobedience tactics. Too often these claims are uncritically accepted even when proposed by ...

Frederich August von Hayek is undoubtedly the most eminent of the modern Austrian economists. Student of Friedrich von Wieser, protégé and colleague of Ludwig von Mises, and foremost representative of an outstanding ...

Since its emergence in the 1970s the modern economic or Coasian theory of the firm has been discussed and challenged by sociologists, heterodox economists, management scholars, and other critics. This chapter reviews and ...

The biomedical model limits the role of the physician to the diagnosis and treatment of diseases. It fails when applied to patients whose symptoms cannot be reduced to physiochemical terms or “cured” by technological means. ...

What is the essence of clinical caring, how can its value be determined, and what are its origins? Caring for a patient is a bit like loving someone. In both cases, the wellbeing of the person who is loved or the patient ...

Two concepts helped and hindered clinicians throughout the 20th Century: 1) the most important and legitimate use of physicians' time is in the diagnosis and cure of disease; and 2) patients are cured of illness through ...

The Fourier coefficients of certain metaplectic Eisenstein series contain L-series of arithmetic interest. This fact has been repeatedly exploited by various authors in order to obtain analytic information about these ...

We present a new identification scheme which is based on Legendre symbols modulo a certain hidden prime and which is naturally suited for low power, low memory applications.

We obtain an exponential lower bound on the non-linear complexity of the new pseudo-random function, introduced recently by M. Naor and O. Reingold. This bound is an extension of the lower bound on the linear complexity ...

In his classic (1953) article, Richard Rudner claims that "in accepting a hypothesis the scientist must make the decision that the evidence is sufficiently strong or that the probability is sufficiently high to warrant the ...

This paper gives a new example of exploiting the idea of using polynomials with restricted coefficients over finite fields and rings to construct reliable cryptosystems and identification schemes.

Left-libertarian theories of justice hold that agents are full self-owners and that natural resources are owned in some egalitarian manner. Unlike most versions of egalitarianism, left-libertarianism endorses full ...

This paper gives new examples that exploit the idea of using sparse polynomials with restricted coefficients over a finite ring for designing fast, reliable cryptosystems and identification schemes.

This is the sixth volume of Equality and Justice, a six-volume collection of the most important articles of the twentieth century on the topic of justice and equality. This volume addresses two issues: (1) desert-based ...

This is the second volume of Equality and Justice, a six-volume collection of the most important articles of the twentieth century on the topic of justice and equality. This volume addresses the question of whether justice ...

We here discuss and assess various libertarian positions on intergenerational justice. We do not attempt to defend libertarianism. Instead, we work out the most plausible version thereof and identify its implications for ...