According to New Institutional Economics, transactional activities, governance structures, institutions and beliefs and values are related hierarchically. Williamson (2000) formalizes this framework to show that each ...

The industrialization of agriculture not only alters the ways in which agricultural production occurs, but also impacts the decisions farmers make in important ways. First, constraints created by the economic environment ...

Capital-constrained cooperatives are being challenged by producer-members to provide vertical integration opportunities. We find evidence producer groups are utilizing an investment strategy described as spawning. ...

We consider the implications of trends in the number of U.S. farmers and food imports on the question of what role U.S. farmers have in an increasingly global agrifood system. Our discussion stems from the argument some ...

The rise of contract farming and vertical integration is one of the most important changes in modern agriculture. Yet the adoption and diffusion of these new forms of organization has varied widely across regions, commodities, ...

An inverse live hog demand model was estimated to analyze claims that the live hog own quantity demand flexibility's magnitude has increased in recent years. A second objective of this research was to estimate the impact ...

A set of inverse wholesale pork primal demand models are estimated to determine the own-quantity flexibility, to ascertain seasonal price fluctuations, and to examine whether the flexibilities change in absolute magnitude ...

The USDA Mandatory Price Reporting System's price data reports started in 2001 as part of the Livestock Reporting Act of 1999. This analysis summarizes reports for 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, and 2006.

We examine how gender, racial, and ethnic variation in unemployment and Unemployment Insurance (UI) receipt changed over time in the U.S. economy and how these changes are influenced by shifts in the occupational and ...

This is a partial analysis of the Low Carbon Fuel Standard (LCFS) setting out carbon emission reduction targets for California. Emission estimates of the California Air Resources Board (CARB) are explored in a two-step ...

This research provides an overview of the development of the Tokyo Grain Exchange non-GMO soybean contract as an identity preserved futures contract. The development of this contract is unique, relative to the development ...

This paper addresses the economic feasibility of complying with the proposed rule of “a zero discharge requirement from the production area that does not allow for an overflow under any circumstances,” presented as “Option ...

The changes in U.S. pork trade in the past 20 years are quite impressive. U.S. pork exports have grown from 86 million pounds carcass weight equivalent in 1986 to 2.66 billion pounds in 2005. This paper discusses the changes ...

This paper details the importance of indigenous knowledge systems in developing countries around the world. Farmers, communities, and households that live in risky environments, have developed intricate systems of ...

This study presents the initial findings of two research activities conducted to understand the role of stakeholders with potential influence in decisions to adopt agroforestry practices. This includes land owners, farmers, ...

Agroforestry is a familiar land-use strategy in many areas of the tropics, where intensive management systems integrate trees, crops and livestock to maximize production on minimal acreage, mitigating the impacts of slash ...

Bertold Brecht once said, “Because things are the way they are, things will not stay the way they are.” Because things in the U.S. pork industry never seem to “stay the way they are,” researchers at the University of ...

This study used the Rosen methodology of deriving a marginal implicit price series of a characteristic from traditional first-stage hedonic modeling and then using this series to estimate a demand model for the characteristic ...

The 2002 Farm Bill contained a controversial provision mandating country of origin labeling (COOL) of certain unprocessed foods (beef, pork, lamb, fish, seafood, peanuts, fruits and vegetables) sold through non-small grocery ...

The changes in U.S. pork trade in the past 23 years are quite impressive. U.S. pork exports have grown from 86 million pounds carcass weight equivalent in 1986 to 3.1 billion pounds in 2007. This paper discusses the changes ...