These experiments examined the effect of manipulating context associative strength on conditioned responding to a conditioned stimulus using a conditioned taste aversion procedure. In Experiments 1and 3, subjects were given ...

The current study investigates the relation between perfectionism and self-discrepancy, and whether their confluence predicts later disordered eating in a sample of Black and White college women. The combination of high ...

The present research considered conversational self-focus, a previously unstudied variant of normative self-disclosure in which one conversation partner re-directs conversations to focus on the self. It was hypothesized ...

Mesencephalic dopamine pathways have been shown to play an important role in procedural learning and motivation. Individuals with disrupted dopamine transmission due to Parkinson's disease show selective deficits in non-motor ...

One notion put forth to explain age-related, episodic memory problems is the associative-deficit hypothesis, stating that they are due to older adults' decreased binding ability (i.e., their ability to encode separate ...

If near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) is to be used in clinical applications such as the localization of epileptic foci, it must be capable of recording large amplitude transients of which only a few samples are available. ...

The visual world paradigm was used to investigate the time course of ambiguity resolution. Typically, the visual stimuli consisted of one picture that was semantically related to the dominant meaning of an ambiguous word, ...

Mate choices that are influenced by the mating decisions of peers, i.e., nonindependent choice, occur in many species including humans. Recent research on humans has shown that women are more attracted to men with attractive ...

In this study, the author examined the long-term criminal outcomes of 110 nonreferred siblings of serious and violent juvenile offenders who had participated in either multisystemic therapy (MST) or individual therapy (IT) ...

Older adults show an associative deficit in episodic memory compared to younger adults. Previous research suggests two underlying brain areas, the frontal lobe (FL) and the medial temporal—hippocampal area (MTL/H), as ...

In recent years, family researchers have acknowledged the importance of sibling relationships across the lifespan, but there has been little investigation of the emerging adult years and how this relationship functions ...

Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), both relatively prevalent disorders in our society, overlap and/or co-occur in ways that are not yet well understood, especially outside of ...

Previous research suggests that infants understand spatiotemporal continuity and are able to reason about continuity violations (Baillargeon, Spelke, & Wasserman, 1985; Wynn, 1992). Continuity can be violated in two ways--an ...

Studies show that adolescents in the United States are disproportionately represented among both the victims and the perpetrators of violent crimes (U.S. Department of Justice, 2002). Studies also show that previous exposure ...

It has been theorized that impairments in executive function may contribute to the repetitive behavior symptomatology associated with ASD. This study further elucidates the nature of the relationship between ASD-related ...

It is generally accepted that Working Memory is limited in capacity. However, there has been substantial debate over whether this limit in capacity is best described as a finite limit on the number of items that can be ...

Older adults exhibit a deficit in associative long-term memory relative to younger adults. However the associative deficit of older adults is less apparent in short-term memory or working memory; the literature is inconclusive ...

The Random Intercept (RI) factor model is proposed as an alternative to traditional genetic factor models for the analysis of longitudinal twin data. This model constitutes a more factorially complex alternative to the ...

The effects of positive affect (PA) on cognitive outcomes have been studied extensively. These effects map on squarely to a Cognitive-Experiential Self Theory (CEST) framework (Epstein, 1991; 1994). One component of CEST ...

In addition to social communication difficulties, individuals with an autism spectrum disorder (ASD) frequently experience problems in other domains such as motor control and learning. The goal of the current study was to ...