[ACCESS RESTRICTED TO THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI AT AUTHOR'S REQUEST.] Clustering procedures partition data sets into groups, minimizing the distance within clusters while maximizing the distance between clusters. Clustering ...

[ACCESS RESTRICTED TO THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI AT AUTHOR'S REQUEST.] The ability to inhibit distractors within an environment while focusing on specific information is crucial to proper functioning. In most inhibition ...

It is well established that a weak lead stimulus will inhibit the startle response to a more intense subsequent stimulus, given an appropriate lead time (i.e. 80-400 ms). This effect is termed prepulse inhibition (PPI), ...

Prenatal stress (stress experienced by the mother while pregnant) has been shown to greatly affect the health of a child. Still, not all offspring who experience prenatal stress will suffer poor outcomes. Maternal genetics ...

Alzheimer's disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that results in synaptic and neuronal loss in regions of the brain responsible for memory and cognition. To date, transgenic animal models have played a crucial ...

[ACCESS RESTRICTED TO THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI AT REQUEST OF AUTHOR.] The externalizing spectrum contains a range of disinhibition-related conditions. Comorbidity among externalizing disorders is commonly investigated ...

[ACCESS RESTRICTED TO THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI AT REQUEST OF AUTHOR.] There is a preponderance of nonhuman animal studies that suggest an evolutionary conserved ability to represent time, number, and rate. Infant cognition ...

The present set of experiments employed event-related brain potentials (ERPs) to investigate differences in how individuals orient retrieval to memories from different times. Experiment 1 investigated whether ERP effects ...

[ACCESS RESTRICTED TO THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI AT REQUEST OF AUTHOR.] Epidemiological estimates suggest that nearly half of individuals diagnosed with AUD will also be diagnosed with another mental health disorder, with ...

According to the dynamic interactive theory of person construal (Freeman & Ambady, 2011), upon perception of a person, multiple social categories become simultaneously active and are refined through the integration of ...

In the psychological sciences, mixture modeling (also referred to as latent class or latent profile analysis) is very commonly used to find sub-populations within a sample. However, the process by which researchers select ...

Mood disorders, anxiety disorders and borderline personality disorder overlap in symptom criteria, are highly comorbid with one another, and group together in factor models of psychopathology (Kotov et al., 2011). These ...

[ACCESS RESTRICTED TO THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI AT REQUEST OF AUTHOR.] The Incentive Sensitization Theory of Addiction (ISTA; Robinson and Berridge, 1993) posits that certain individuals are at-risk for developing addictive ...

[ACCESS RESTRICTED TO THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI AT REQUEST OF AUTHOR.] The comorbidity of borderline personality disorder (BPD) and posttraumatic stress disorder is common and yet not well understood, particularly outside ...

Recent research has examined the how effectively people use the information in working memory (WM) when reasoning about that information is required in a recognition memory task (Chen and Cowan, 2013; Hardman and Cowan, ...

Previous investigations of working memory performance in individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) have yielded mixed findings (e.g., Kenworthy, Yerys, Anthony, and Wallace, 2008; Geurts, de Vris, and van den Bergh, ...

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is an incapacitating anxiety disorder characterized by unwanted, intrusive thoughts that lead to repetitive, ritualistic behaviors. Current treatments for OCD are only efficacious in a ...

[ACCESS RESTRICTED TO THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI AT AUTHOR'S REQUEST.] The striatum is involved in learning from feedback. Psychosis is strongly related to increased striatal dopamine. The goal of the current research is ...

Bayesian ideal observer theory describes perception as an ideal integration of sensory information with prior knowledge to produce optimal responses. Bayesian ideal perception models are popular in sensory domains; however, ...

[ACCESS RESTRICTED TO THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI AT AUTHOR'S REQUEST.] A broad synthesis of comparative and developmental research on numerical cognition suggests that humans share with nonhuman animals, an evolutionarily ...