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Thiazolidinedione Therapy for Managing Metabolic Syndrome
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2010)
There is no patient-oriented evidence supporting the use of TZD therapy in patients in the general population who have metabolic syndrome. Rosiglitazone (Avandia) use decreases cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in ...
Do intra-articular steroid injections affect glycemic control in patients with diabetes?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2010)
A single intra-articular steroid injection into the knee produces acute hyperglycemia for 2 or 3 days in patients with diabetes who otherwise have good glucose control (strength of recommendation [SOR]: B, small cohort ...
Does office spirometry improve quit rates in smokers?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2010)
Simply performing spirometry and offering cessation advice doesn't improve quit rates in patients who smoke (strength of recommendation [SOR]: A, systematic review of randomized controlled trials [RCTs]). However, when the ...
What's the best way to motivate patients to exercise?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2010)
There is no single best strategy to motivate patients to exercise, given the lack of data from rigorous comparison studies. There are, however, several interventions for adults that are effective. They include: writing a ...
Management of Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2010)
AWS may be managed with outpatient therapy if the patient has mild to moderate symptoms. (Strength of Recommendation [SOR]: B, based on one randomized, prospective trial). The Clinical Institute Withdrawal Assessment Scale for Alcohol, Revised (CIWA...
Interventions for lower-extremity lymphedema
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2013)
Complete decongestive physiotherapy (i.e., a noninvasive protocol consisting of skin care, lymph drainage massage, exercises, and compression bandaging1) effectively improves edema, rates of infection, and quality of life ...
Does cranberry juice prevent or treat urinary tract infection?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2003)
Cranberry juice (200 mL daily to 250 mL 3 times daily) or cranberry concentrate tablets (at least 1:30 parts concentrated juice twice daily) reduce recurrent, symptomatic urinary tract infection (UTI) in women by 12% to 20% (absolute risk reduction...
Do statins cause myopathy?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2003)
If statins (HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors) cause myopathy, the risk is very low (strength of recommendation [SOR]: A). There is no direct evidence to answer this question. A pooled analysis of randomized controlled trials ...
Combined Oral Contraceptives for Mothers Who Are Breastfeeding
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2005)
that combined oral contraceptives may reduce the volume of breast milk but not affect the growth of infants. [Strength of Recommendation: B, based on inconsistent or limited-quality patient-oriented evidence]...
Does furosemide decrease morbidity or mortality for patients with diastolic or systolic dysfunction?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2005)
exercise capacity in the setting of systolic dysfunction (strength of recommendation [SOR]: B, based upon low-quality randomized controlled trials). Furosemide and other diuretics reduce symptomatic volume overload in diastolic and systolic dysfunction (SOR...
What is the best way to diagnose menopause?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2005)
No single test for menopause is highly sensitive and specific. The best predictors that a woman will enter menopause within 4 years include age at least 50 years, amenorrhea for 3 to 11 months, and menstrual cycle irregularity within 12 months...
Prolotherapy: A nontraditional approach to knee osteoarthritis
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2014)
Recommend prolotherapy for patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA) that does not respond to conventional therapies.
What vitamins and minerals should be given to breastfed and bottle-fed infants?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2005)
supplementation for all term, healthy, breastfed infants is not proven to be safe or necessary. Formula-fed infants should be consuming formula that contains 10 to 12 mg/L of iron (SOR: A,
2 small randomized controlled trials)....
Medications for weight loss in patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2012)
Fluoxetine (Prozac) and orlistat (Xenical) produce modest short-term weight loss, but their long-term benefits are unclear and their safety is uncertain. (Strength of Recommendation [SOR]: B, based on a meta-analysis of ...
Polycystic ovarian syndrome
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2010)
This issue of eMedRef provides information to clinicians on the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and therapeutics of polycystic ovarian syndrome.
Rubella in pregnancy
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2010)
This issue of eMedRef provides information to clinicians on the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and therapeutics of rubella in pregnancy.
Clinical Pathway for the Fontan Patient to Standardize Care
(University of Missouri -- Kansas City, 2019)
The Fontan repair is the final stage of surgical palliation for the pediatric patient with a single
ventricle heart. The post-operative medical management of this patient population can be
variable and hospital length ...
Improving Medication Adherence in Patients with Comorbidities
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2011)
Interventions that involve pharmacists to review, simplify, and monitor medication use significantly improve adherence in patients with multiple medical conditions. (Strength of Recommendation: B, based on heterogeneous ...
Q Does inadequate sleep increase obesity risk in children?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2021-12)
Evidence-based answer: Yes, a link has been established but not a cause-effect relationship. Shorter reported sleep duration in childhood is associated with an increased risk of overweight or obesity years later (strength ...
Exercise for the Treatment of Knee Osteoarthritis
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2011)
Regular exercise reduces osteoarthritic knee pain and improves functioning. (Strength of Recommendation: A, based on systematic reviews.) Aerobic and strength-training exercises, including land- and water-based exercises, ...