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Ethical Issues: Ethical Research
(Center for Health Ethics, 2004-12)
commitment to good scholarship as well as good doctoring—this means creating, writing about, and teaching the service oriented knowledge and skills that encourage evidence based medicine....
Does using e-cigarettes cigarette smoking in adolescents?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2019)
Q: Does using e-cigarettes cigarette smoking in adolescents? Evidence-based answer: Probably. Electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) use by adolescents is associated with a 2- to 4-fold increase in cigarette smoking over the next year (strength...
Is MRI useful for evaluation of acute low back pain?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2003)
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is rarely helpful in the evaluation of acute low back pain. Limited evidence suggests that MRI may be useful in further assessing "red flag" in the history or physical exam. MRI has a high sensitivity and specificity...
How can you help prevent a recurrence of diverticulitis?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2009)
A high-fiber diet is often prescribed after recovery from acute diverticulitis, based on extrapolation from epidemiologic data showing an association between low-fiber diets and diverticulosis (strength of recommendation [SOR]: C, expert opinion...
Do nasal decongestants relieve symptoms?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2003)
Oral and topical nasal decongestants result in a statistically significant improvement in subjective symptoms of nasal congestion and objective nasal airway resistance in adults' common colds (strength of recommendation [SOR]: A, based on randomized...
Initial specimen diversion technique to reduce blood culture contamination
(2023)
"Problem: Burdens on healthcare systems including unnecessary antibiotic administration, longer length of stay, and greater cost. Typically caused by improper technique when drawing, but can also be from skin bacteria. In ...
What's the best way to relieve mastitis in breastfeeding mothers?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2011)
for treating undifferentiated mastitis is unknown (SOR: A, 1 systematic review). Consider prescribing antibiotics for women whose mastitis symptoms don't improve after 12 to 24 hours of frequent breast emptying (SOR: C, consensus guideline)....
Is the long-term use of proton pump inhibitors safe?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2004)
Long-term use of proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) appears safe, resulting in no clinically relevant adverse effects (strength of recommendation: B, based on nonsystematic reviews, cohort studies, or low-quality randomized controlled trials...
Does evidence support the use of supplements to aid in BP control?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2020)
Q: Does evidence support the use of supplements to aid in BP control? Evidence-based answer: Yes. A number of well-tolerated natural therapies have been shown to reduce systolic and diastolic blood pressure (BP). (See TABLE1-8 for summary.) However...
Nurse resident job satisfaction with a formal mentorship program
(2023)
"This quality improvement (QI) project aims to evaluate the impact of a new mentoring program on the job satisfaction of nurse residents as part of their participation in the nurse residency program between January 2023 ...
Clinical Indicators of Obstructive Sleep Apnea
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2011)
Clinical indicators (e.g., sex, snoring severity, history of apnea, age, menopausal status, waist-to-hip ratio, body habitus) can predict OSA as diagnosed using overnight polysomnography or sleep study. (Strength of Recommendation: B, based...
What Clinical Findings Can Be Used to Diagnose Deep Venous Thrombosis?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2004)
No single clinical finding can accurately diagnose DVT. [Strength of recommendation: A, based on a systematic review of homogeneous validating cohort studies with good reference standards.] However, when organized into clinical decision rules (CDRs...
Antiviral Agents for Pregnant Women with Genital Herpes
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2005)
There is no evidence that the use of antiviral agents in women who are pregnant and have a history of genital herpes prevents perinatal transmission of herpes simplex virus (HSV) to neonates. [Strength of recommendation: A, based on multiple...
Which treatments work best for hemorrhoids?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2009)
Excision is the most effective treatment for thrombosed external hemorrhoids (strength of recommendation [SOR]: B, retrospective studies). For prolapsed internal hemorrhoids, the best definitive treatment is traditional ...
Does tranexamic acid reduce mortality in women with postpartum hemorrhage?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2019)
Q: Does tranexamic acid reduce mortality in women with postpartum hemorrhage? EVIDENCE-BASED ANSWER: Yes. When used in conjunction with the standard of care, 1 g intravenous (IV) tranexamic acid given 1 to 3 hours after delivery is associated with a...
Does a Low-Sodium Diet Reduce Blood Pressure?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2004)
Reducing sodium intake does lead to a slightly lower average blood pressure. However, no evidence from controlled trials proves that reducing sodium intake decreases morbidity or mortality, or proves that modest sodium restriction is harmful...
How often should you follow up on a patient with newly diagnosed hypothyroidism?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2009)
Six to 8 weeks after the start of levothyroxine therapy you should reexamine patients and measure their serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) (strength of recommendation [SOR]: C, common practice and expert opinion). If thyroid function is normal...
What are the relative risks and benefits of progestin-only contraceptives?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2005)
Little evidence describes the risks and benefits of progestin-only contraceptives therapy. No good-quality evidence exists to determine the risk of cancer associated with progestin-only contraceptives. Data are insufficient to discern their effect...
Do A-fib patients continue to benefit from vitamin K antagonists with advancing age?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2019)
Q Do A-fib patients continue to benefit from vitamin K antagonists with advancing age? Evidence-based answer: yes, patients with atrial fibrillation who are between the ages of 50 and 90 years continue to benefit from vitamin K antagonist therapy...
Are overweight children more likely to be overweight adults?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2009)
Overweight at any age in childhood increases the risk for overweight in adulthood. The relative risk (RR) ranges from 1.9 to 10.1 and increases as children get older. Not all overweight children become overweight adults, ...