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Hip Pain in Preschool-Age Children
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2009)
Evidence is lacking on the most common causes of hip pain in children because most data come from cohort studies and include referred patients. Based on these studies, transient synovitis is the most common cause of hip pain in preschool...
Are overweight children more likely to be overweight adults?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2009)
Overweight at any age in childhood increases the risk for overweight in adulthood. The relative risk (RR) ranges from 1.9 to 10.1 and increases as children get older. Not all overweight children become overweight adults, ...
Effective Management of Flatulence
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2009)
benefit in reducing flatus-associated odor. (SOR: C, based on disease-oriented evidence). Evidence for oral activated charcoal and simethicone has been inconsistent and does not support their use. (SOR: B, based on multiple small RCTs)....
How often should you follow up on a patient with newly diagnosed hypothyroidism?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2009)
Six to 8 weeks after the start of levothyroxine therapy you should reexamine patients and measure their serum thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) (strength of recommendation [SOR]: C, common practice and expert opinion). If thyroid function is normal...
Do patients at high risk of Alzheimer's disease benefit from early treatment?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2009)
Treating patients with early-stage Alzheimer's disease yields statistically significant, though perhaps not clinically significant, improvement in cognition and global function (strength of recommendation [SOR]: A, consistent evidence from multiple...
Do OTC remedies relieve cough in acute URIs?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2009)
Dextromethorphan (DM) for adults and honey for children provide some relief. DM may modestly decrease cough in adults compared with placebo (strength of recommendation [SOR]: B, systematic review of inconsistent or limited evidence). The data...
How can you help prevent a recurrence of diverticulitis?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2009)
A high-fiber diet is often prescribed after recovery from acute diverticulitis, based on extrapolation from epidemiologic data showing an association between low-fiber diets and diverticulosis (strength of recommendation [SOR]: C, expert opinion...
Should we recommend universal neonatal hearing screening?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2005)
Universal neonatal hearing screening leads to both earlier detection and earlier treatment of infants with hearing loss (strength of recommendation [SOR]: A, based on a systematic review). Available evidence suggests early identification...
Are there any known health risks to early introduction of solids to an infant's diet?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2009)
Few studies support an association between early introduction of solid food and atopic conditions, obesity, or any other illness (strength of recommendation [SOR]: B, cohort studies with mixed results). Very weak evidence suggests an increased risk...
Do hyaluronic acid injections relieve OA knee pain?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2009)
Hyaluronic acid (HA) injections relieve pain more than placebo. The effect is small but similar to results from oral nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) or steroid injection (strength of recommendation ([SOR]: ...
Which interventions are best for alleviating nipple pain in nursing mothers?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2009)
to be superior to others for relieving nipple pain (SOR: B, inconsistent RCTs). Topical agents that show some evidence of benefit include expressed breast milk, lanolin, warm water compresses, tea bag compresses, hydrogel dressings, a chlorhexidinealcohol spray...
Treatment of Otitis Media with Perforated Tympanic Membrane
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2009)
Acute otitis media with tympanic membrane perforation in children should be treated with an oral antibiotic. (Strength of Recommendation [SOR]: A, based on meta- analysis of randomized controlled trials [RCTs]). Topical ciprofloxacin...
Can counseling prevent or treat postpartum depression?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2009)
In most cases, counseling does not prevent postpartum depression (PPD), though it can treat the disorder. Overall, psychosocial interventions don't offer a significantly greater benefit than standard care in preventing ...
Do nonmedicated topicals relieve childhood eczema?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2009)
Emollients are effective first-line treatment to decrease symptoms of eczema and reduce the need to use steroids in children (strength of recommendation [SOR]: A, consistent randomized, controlled trials [RCTs]). Tar ...
Do abnormal fetal kick counts predict intrauterine death in average-risk pregnancies?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2009)
Structured daily monitoring of fetal movement doesn't decrease the rate of all- cause antenatal death in average-risk pregnancies (strength of recommendation [SOR]: B, single good-quality, randomized controlled trial [RCT]). ...
Can nonantidepressants help treat depression?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2009)
lithium, triiodothyronine (T3), and atypical antipsychotics are all effective adjuncts. Lithium (serum levels >0.5 mEq/L) can produce clinical improvement when added to ineffective antidepressant treatment (strength of ...
Does group prenatal care improve pregnancy outcomes?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2009)
It may decrease preterm births, especially among higher-risk women--minority women, women of low socioeconomic status, and adolescents (strength of recommendation [SOR]: B, 1 randomized, controlled trial [RCT] and 1 matched ...
How best to manage the patient in term labor whose group B strep status is unknown?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2009)
Monitor the patient and treat her with intrapartum chemoprophylaxis based on identified risk factors, unless a rapid, highly sensitive (greater than or equal to 85%) polymerase chain reaction (PCR) test is immediately available to evaluate for group...
How useful is a physical exam in diagnosing testicular torsion?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2009)
Physical exam is useful, but imperfect, in ruling out testicular torsion (strength of recommendation [SOR]: C, expert opinion). The cremasteric reflex or a nontender testicle usually excludes testicular torsion, but case ...
Does routine amniotomy have a role in normal labor?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2009)
Routine amniotomy doesn't significantly reduce the duration of first-stage labor in either primiparous or multiparous women (strength of recommendation [SOR]: A, systematic review of several randomized, controlled trials ...