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Tension headache
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2012)
This issue of eMedRef provides information to clinicians on the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and therapeutics of tension headaches.
Screening Mammography for Reducing Breast Cancer Mortality
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2012)
Screening mammography reduces breast cancer mortality in women 40 to 49 years of age who have an average risk of breast cancer. (Strength of Recommendation: A, based on eight randomized controlled trials [RCTs].) The relative risk reduction...
Would this long-acting bronchodilator be better for your patient?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2012)
of recommendation: A: Based on one well-designed randomized controlled trial....
Treatment of motion sickness
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2012)
Scopolamine should be used to reduce nausea associated with motion sickness, but it does not reduce vomiting. (Strength of Recommendation [SOR]: A, based on multiple randomized controlled trials [RCTs].) Firstgeneration antihistamines...
Treatment of HSV infection in late pregnancy
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2012)
, based on one systematic review.) Suppressive therapy at the time of delivery can reduce the rate of recurrence, the risk of asymptomatic viral shedding, and the number of cesarean deliveries because of active HSV infection. Women with active lesions...
A safer way to prevent VTE recurrence
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2012)
After patients with unprovoked venous thromboembolism (VTE) complete a 6- to 18-month course of oral anticoagulation therapy, consider a switch to aspirin. Stength of recommendation: A: Based on one well-designed, randomized controlled trial (RCT)....
Which drugs work best for early Parkinson's disease?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2012)
Levodopa/carbidopa is the most effective medical therapy for Parkinson's disease, but it's associated with dyskinesia (strength of recommendation [SOR]: A, Cochrane reviews and randomized controlled trials [RCTs]). Treating ...
Efficacy of an online problem-based learning course in occupational therapy education
(2012)
Problem-based learning (PBL) is a teaching method created in the 1960's that encourages students to improve their critical thinking and clinical reasoning skills through case studies, group work, discussions with faculty facilitation, and no lecture...
Human parathyroid hormone for treating osteoporosis
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2012)
Human parathyroid hormone should be used in patients with severe osteoporosis to decrease the rate of vertebral and nonvertebral fractures. (Strength of Recommendation [SOR]: A, based on a systematic review and randomized controlled trial [RCT...
Alopecia areata
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2012)
This issue of eMedRef provides information to clinicians on the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and therapeutics of alopecia areata.
Rethinking antibiotics for sinusitis-again
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2012)
Stop prescribing amoxicillin for acute rhinosinusitis. It's unlikely to provide a speedier recovery than over-the-counter (OTC) remedies alone. Stength of recommendation: B: Based on a single high-quality randomized controlled trial....
Does blood pressure screening benefit children?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2012)
]: C, expert opinion), scant evidence links earlier detection and treatment of childhood hypertension with improved patient-oriented outcomes. However, detecting childhood hypertension may help identify adults who would benefit from earlier treatment...
Advantages of the no-scalpel vasectomy technique
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2012)
The no-scalpel vasectomy (NSV) technique should be used instead of the standard incisional method. (Strength of Recommendation: A, based on systematic reviews, mixed-quality randomized controlled trials [RCTs], cohort studies, and case...
Can calcium supplements cause serious adverse effects in healthy people?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2012)
Calcium supplements with or without vitamin D increase the risk of myocardial infarction (MI), with numbers needed to harm (NNH) over 5 years of 69 to 240 (strength of recommendation [SOR]: B, meta-analyses of randomized ...
Intranasal steroids vs antihistamines: which is better for seasonal allergies and conjunctivitis?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2012)
Intranasal steroids provide better relief for adult sufferers, according to nonstandardized, nonclinically validated scales. Steroids reduce subjective total nasal symptom scores (TNSS)--representing sneezing, itching, ...
Evaluation of elevated serum transaminase levels
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2012)
The evaluation of patients with elevated transaminase levels should be individualized based on the presence of symptoms or physical examination findings that suggest serious disease or hepatic decompensation. (Strength of Recommendation [SOR]: C...
What treatments relieve painful heel cracks?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2012)
Emollient cream may alleviate pain and dryness and improve the appearance of heel cracks (strength of recommendation [SOR]: B, one small randomized trial). Foot soaks followed by mechanical debridement and topical petrolatum ...
Should breastfeeding babies be given pacifiers?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2012)
Do not discourage the use of pacifiers by healthy infants who are breastfeeding. Stength of recommendation: A: Based on a good-quality meta-analysis...
Medications for weight loss in patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2012)
Fluoxetine (Prozac) and orlistat (Xenical) produce modest short-term weight loss, but their long-term benefits are unclear and their safety is uncertain. (Strength of Recommendation [SOR]: B, based on a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials...
Evaluation of newborns with preauricular skin lesions
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2012)
All newborns should be screened for hearing loss, whether or not they have preauricular skin lesions. Newborns with these anomalies may be at increased risk of hearing impairment. (Strength of Recommendation [SOR]: C, based on small observational...