The Advisory Council on Immunization Practices (ACIP) reports that the only contraindication for all vaccines is a history of severe allergic reaction to a previous vaccine or vaccine constituent (strength of recommendations: C, based predominantly...

No clinical characteristic or diagnostic test is available to readily distinguish type 1 from type 2 diabetes mellitus. Although C-peptide levels, autoantibodies, and adiponectin-to-leptin ratios show some utility, they ...

No studies evaluate the commonly used indications for bariatric surgery. Consensus guidelines suggest that the surgical treatment of obesity should be reserved for patients with a body-mass index (BMI) >40 kg/m2 or with ...

The following groups are at increased risk of contracting or having severe outcomes from hepatitis A and should receive vaccination.Persons traveling to or working in countries that have high or intermediate rates of ...

Statins (coenzyme-A reductase inhibitors) should not be used with the single intent to delay the onset or slow the progression of dementia. Large randomized control trials (RCTs) found that the administration of a statin ...

Though clinical preparticipation exams (PPE) are recommended by experts and required in most states, we found no medium- or better-quality evidence that demonstrates they reduce mortality or morbidity. PPEs detect only a ...

The GAD-7 has the best evidence and utility in the primary care setting for generalized anxiety disorder (strength of recommendation [SOR]: A), while the proprietary Quick PsychoDiagnostics Panel (QPD) has the best operating ...

Oral metronidazole and oral vancomycin are equally effective treatments for Clostridium difficile- associated diarrhea (CDAD) (strength of recommendation [SOR]: A, based on randomized trials). Oral vancomycin is considerably ...

In the initial management of dyspepsia for patients without "alarm" symptoms (weight loss, recurrent vomiting, dysphagia, anemia, evidence of bleeding, onset of dyspepsia after age 45 years), therapy based on the results ...

Screen children and adolescents for obesity and offer them multifaceted weight loss interventions, based on new evidence (and a recent US Preventive Services Task Force [USPSTF] recommendation) of their effectiveness. ...

Light therapy for nonseasonal major depressive disorder? While bright light therapy already has a place in the treatment of seasonal affective disorder, a recent trial spotlights its utility beyond the winter months. Practice changer: Consider...

There are 3: valacyclovir, acyclovir, and topical penciclovir. Valacyclovir, 2g twice in 1 day taken during the prodromal stage of herpes labialis, reduces the episode duration and time to healing. Acyclovir, 400 mg, taken ...

A well-designed oral food challenge (OFC) is the most reliable diagnostic test for infants whose clinical history and physical examination suggest a specific food allergy (strength of recommendation [SOR]: C, consensus ...

Q. Can yoga reduce symptoms of anxiety and depression? A. Yes, yoga can reduce symptoms of anxiety and depression (strength of recommendation [SOR]: B, systematic reviews of randomized controlled trials [RCTs] with significant ...

Tricyclic antidepressants, gabapentin, and pregabalin effectively reduce pain (strength of recommendation [SOR]: A, at least 2 good-quality randomized controlled trials [RCTs] and/or meta-analyses). Opioids have demonstrated ...

It may decrease preterm births, especially among higher-risk women--minority women, women of low socioeconomic status, and adolescents (strength of recommendation [SOR]: B, 1 randomized, controlled trial [RCT] and 1 matched ...

Advise your patients to use a pedometer, set a step goal, and keep a step diary. This simple intervention takes only a few moments and is effective in increasing patients' physical activity and decreasing both body mass ...

This study highlighted the importance of social capital in understanding the disparity in family engagement across immigrant generations. Using the national representative data, the ELS:2002, confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) and structural...