Neuroimaging is warranted to evaluate headaches when patients present to an emergency department with signs or symptoms of an intracranial lesion. These signs or symptoms include abrupt onset of headache, focal neurological ...

No single test for menopause is highly sensitive and specific. The best predictors that a woman will enter menopause within 4 years include age at least 50 years, amenorrhea for 3 to 11 months, and menstrual cycle irregularity within 12 months...

Medicare guidelines are used to determine eligibility for hospice care (strength of recommendation [SOR]: C, based on expert opinion), but they correlate with 6-month mortality no better than an experienced clinician's ...

therapy) were effective for pain relief (strength of recommendation [SOR]: C, poor-quality cohort and case-control studies). Practice guidelines and most review articles recommend acetaminophen as the first-line therapy (SOR: C, expert opinion). Treatment...

No studies have directly compared colonoscopy with fecal occult blood testing (FOBT). Multiple screening trials have demonstrated that a primary strategy of 3-card home FOBT with follow-up colonoscopy for positive results ...

Unfractionated heparin and low-molecular-weight heparin are equally effective for the treatment of acute venous thromboembolism (VTE) in pregnancy (strength of recommendation [SOR]: C; based on expert opinion and 1 low-power ...

-analysis of randomized controlled trials [RCTs]). Evidence is insufficient to determine the benefit of antibiotic prophylaxis for pertussis contacts. However, due to high mortality and morbidity, prophylaxis is recommended for families who have an infant less than 6...

Breastfed and formula-fed infants should receive intramuscular vitamin K soon after birth to prevent classic hemorrhagic disease of the newborn (strength of recommendation [SOR]: A, systematic review of controlled trials). ...

Tramadol (Ultram, generic and with acetaminophen in Ultracet) carries a risk of substance abuse (strength of recommendation [SOR]: B, based on case report surveillance programs). While it appears that tramadol's risk of ...

Diets that result in long-term weight loss of 5% to 7%, along with moderate-intensity exercise for more than 150 minutes per week, reduce the incidence of type 2 diabetes for patients with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) ...

It's unclear whether disease-modifying antirheumatic agents (DMARDs) as first-line therapy in nonrheumatoid rheumatologic diseases are effective because the question has not been studied. As second-line therapy, the use ...

Refer adolescents with moderate to severe depression for cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) to improve their outcomes. Stength of recommendation: B: Two well-done randomized controlled trials (RCTs).

Patients with type 2 diabetes benefit from case management, as evidenced by decreased glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c). The improvement in HbA1c appeared larger when case managers could make changes in medications independently ...

Little available evidence specifically addresses the benefits and risks of intrauterine devices (IUDs) in adolescents. Most studies have evaluated IUD use in nulliparous adults. Levonorgestrel IUDs cause less menstrual ...

Evidence-based answer: It's recommended that all children and adolescents with a new diagnosis of hypertension undergo renal ultrasound and laboratory evaluation for renal pathology (strength of recommendation [SOR]: C, ...

Interventions that include a combination of behavioral and lifestyle modification -- including decreased caloric intake, specific aids to changing diet, increased physical activity, and treatment of binge eating disorders ...

This presentation presents preliminary findings for the question, "Are middle school programs and practices influencing student success academically?"...

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to examine family structure differences in debt types and burdens of American families. Design/methodology/approach: Data are obtained from the 2016 Survey of Consumer Finances. Eight types of family structures...

Questionnaires, physical examination, and clinical prediction rules estimate the pretest probability of obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS), but are not specific enough to make the diagnosis (strength of ...

Amlexanox appears to be most effective overall. Amlexanox 5% paste reduces ulcer size, pain duration, and healing time (strength of recommendation [SOR]: A, multiple randomized controlled trials [RCTs]). Topical steroids ...