The 4-item Primary Care Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder screen (PC-PTSD) is a simple and effective tool to identify symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in primary care patients (strength of recommendation [SOR ...

[ARR]) compared with placebo (number needed to treat [NNT]=58) (strength of recommendation: A). There is no conclusive evidence that cranberry juice effectively treats UTI (SOR: D)....

When you initiate antidepressant therapy for patients who have not been treated for depression previously, select either sertraline or escitalopram. A large meta- analysis found these medications to be superior to other ...

Skip this step when checking lipid levels. Practice changer: requiring your patients to fast before undergoing lipid testing. Nonfasting total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL...

[SOR]: A, based on multiple randomized controlled trials [RCTs]). Nonpharmacologic therapies, such as behavior therapy, school- based interventions, and family therapy, are not as effective as stimulants but may add modest benefit to the effects...

Patients with moderate to high cardiac risk (a Revised Cardiac Risk Index [RCRI] score of 2 or higher [Table]) have a reduced risk of in-hospital death following perioperative beta-blocker therapy (strength of recommendation ...

Initial treatment options comprise rest, cervical immobilization, anti-inflammatory drugs (nonsteroidal and steroidal), pain relievers (including muscle relaxants and antiepileptics), and physical therapy (strength of ...

Oral metronidazole and oral vancomycin are equally effective treatments for Clostridium difficile- associated diarrhea (CDAD) (strength of recommendation [SOR]: A, based on randomized trials). Oral vancomycin is considerably ...

The causes of magnesium depletion and hypomagnesemia are decreased gastrointestinal (GI) absorption and increased renal loss. Decreased GI absorption is frequently due to diarrhea, malabsorption, and inadequate dietary ...

Low-dose inhaled corticosteroids are the preferred treatment for children with mild persistent asthma because they demonstrate superior reduction in severity and frequency of asthma exacerbations compared with alternatives ...

The evaluation and follow-up of an isolated, enlarged cervical lymph node is determined by the presence of inflammation, duration, size, and associated symptoms. For patients with inflammatory symptoms (ie, fever, pain, ...

Although African American men, men with a first-degree relative with prostate cancer (CaP), and older men constitute higher-risk subgroups, no well-designed randomized controlled trials are available that show PSA testing ...

In African Americans with hypertension, therapy is best initiated with the low-sodium Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet and a thiazide-type diuretic (strength of recommendation [SOR]: A, based on randomized ...

Q: Does topical diclofenac relieve osteoarthritis pain? Evidence-based answer: Yes, at least in the short term. Topical diclofenac, with and without dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), modestly improves pain and function scores (by ...

Evidence is insufficient to recommend for or against universal screening of young children for lead poisoning in high- prevalence communities (strength of recommendation [SOR]: C). In low-prevalence communities, evidence ...

No studies clearly demonstrate the best initial treatment for Parkinson's disease. Levodopa improves motor function in Parkinson's disease; however, long-term use is associated with irreversible dyskinesias and motor ...

"Families may be inclined to only conduct meetings when they need to make critical decisions. However, regular meetings create a culture of communication and inclusive decision-making. Scheduled communications also create opportunities...

It's unclear whether anal cancer screening benefits men who have sex with men because high-quality studies on this subject are lacking. In the absence of high-quality data, anal pap smears aren't recommended for routine ...

features present in designated hospice rooms; and a prevailing emphasis on accommodating the needs of family members. The findings from this study will be beneficial to nursing home owners and administrators, social workers, and architects dedicated...