countries. On the 2011 TIMSS, Jordanian eighth-graders' average dropped to 406, and Jordan's overall ranking was 49th out of 56 participating countries and education systems. In addition to investigating Jordanian pre-service teachers' beliefs, the findings...

or impede these qualities. A quantitative method design was used for the study, which applied ecological theory and the risk and resilience framework to obtain data relating to the impact of family, the environment, and personal factors on a child’s...