Researchers of working memory currently debate capacity limits of the focus of attention, the proposed mental faculty in which items are most easily accessed. Cowan (1999) suggested that its capacity is about 4 chunks, ...

Object switch costs have been taken to index items in the focus of attention (e.g., Oberauer, 2005). They refer to savings in reaction time (RT) when a target object to which a response must be made is the same as the ...

Working memory (WM) is a latent cognitive structure that involves active maintenance and manipulation of information for a short time. How items are stored in WM is an important issue that remains controversial. Whereas ...

[ACCESS RESTRICTED TO THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI AT AUTHOR'S REQUEST.] Working memory, the small amount of information that can be temporarily held in mind, can be boosted through the use of mnemonic processes. The purpose ...

Visual working memory stores stimuli from our environment as representations that can be accessed by high-level control processes. This study addresses a longstanding debate in the literature about whether storage limits ...

[ACCESS RESTRICTED TO THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI AT AUTHOR'S REQUEST.] The existence of time-based forgetting has been a controversial topic almost as long as memory has been investigated. In recent years there have been ...

Pertinence level of the information in the unattended channel is supposed to play an important role in the process of selective attention in normal subjects (Norman, 1968). The developmental disorder of autism has been ...

A great deal of evidence, both from behavioral studies of cross-domain interference and from neuroimaging, suggests the need for a domain-general store in models of working memory. Baddeley included such a store in an ...

Previous studies of working memory capacity have suggested that individuals with high capacities excel at several processes, including (1) distinguishing between information that is applicable versus irrelevant to the task ...

Forgetting in short-term memory has been studied extensively and yet no consensus has emerged to explain its cause. Two theories continue to provide competing explanations of forgetting in short-term memory: decay and ...

Cowan's K (Cowan, 2001) is an effective measure of visual working memory capacity and has been widely accepted by working memory researchers in recent years. However, one fundamental assumption of this measure, so called ...

Previous studies have found that older adults have poorer immediate recall for language. Older adults may recall fewer chunks from working memory, or may have difficulty binding words or sentences together to form multi-unit ...

Recently, various researchers have claimed that time does not play a direct role in shortterm forgetting. Instead, they claim that time is only related to forgetting because it is correlated with other factors that cause ...

Recent research has examined the how effectively people use the information in working memory (WM) when reasoning about that information is required in a recognition memory task (Chen and Cowan, 2013; Hardman and Cowan, ...

Working memory researchers in psychology have long wondered about how the mind organizes the many different pieces of information that must be maintained at any one time in order that the individual may carry out daily ...

Working memory (WM) capacity limit has been extensively studied in the domains of visual and verbal stimuli. The previous studies have suggested a constant WM capacity of typically about 3 or 4 items, based on the number ...