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Thiazolidinedione Therapy for Managing Metabolic Syndrome
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2010)
There is no patient-oriented evidence supporting the use of TZD therapy in patients in the general population who have metabolic syndrome. Rosiglitazone (Avandia) use decreases cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in ...
Clinical Indicators of Obstructive Sleep Apnea
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2011)
Clinical indicators (e.g., sex, snoring severity, history of apnea, age, menopausal status, waist-to-hip ratio, body habitus) can predict OSA as diagnosed using overnight polysomnography or sleep study. (Strength of Recommendation: B, based...
Do intra-articular steroid injections affect glycemic control in patients with diabetes?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2010)
A single intra-articular steroid injection into the knee produces acute hyperglycemia for 2 or 3 days in patients with diabetes who otherwise have good glucose control (strength of recommendation [SOR]: B, small cohort ...
What's the best way to motivate patients to exercise?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2010)
There is no single best strategy to motivate patients to exercise, given the lack of data from rigorous comparison studies. There are, however, several interventions for adults that are effective. They include: writing a ...
Does office spirometry improve quit rates in smokers?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2010)
Simply performing spirometry and offering cessation advice doesn't improve quit rates in patients who smoke (strength of recommendation [SOR]: A, systematic review of randomized controlled trials [RCTs]). However, when the ...
Management of Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2010)
AWS may be managed with outpatient therapy if the patient has mild to moderate symptoms. (Strength of Recommendation [SOR]: B, based on one randomized, prospective trial). The Clinical Institute Withdrawal Assessment Scale for Alcohol, Revised (CIWA...
Appetite Suppressants as Adjuncts for Weight Loss
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2011)
Phentermine and diethylpropion are appetite suppressants approved for use in the United States as adjuncts in the treatment of obesity. These agents demonstrate a modest weight loss benefit when combined with dietary ...
Interventions for lower-extremity lymphedema
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2013)
Complete decongestive physiotherapy (i.e., a noninvasive protocol consisting of skin care, lymph drainage massage, exercises, and compression bandaging1) effectively improves edema, rates of infection, and quality of life ...
Do statins cause myopathy?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2003)
If statins (HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors) cause myopathy, the risk is very low (strength of recommendation [SOR]: A). There is no direct evidence to answer this question. A pooled analysis of randomized controlled trials ...
Combined Oral Contraceptives for Mothers Who Are Breastfeeding
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2005)
that combined oral contraceptives may reduce the volume of breast milk but not affect the growth of infants. [Strength of Recommendation: B, based on inconsistent or limited-quality patient-oriented evidence]...
Prolotherapy: A nontraditional approach to knee osteoarthritis
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2014)
Recommend prolotherapy for patients with knee osteoarthritis (OA) that does not respond to conventional therapies.
What is the best way to diagnose menopause?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2005)
No single test for menopause is highly sensitive and specific. The best predictors that a woman will enter menopause within 4 years include age at least 50 years, amenorrhea for 3 to 11 months, and menstrual cycle irregularity within 12 months...
Medications for weight loss in patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2012)
Fluoxetine (Prozac) and orlistat (Xenical) produce modest short-term weight loss, but their long-term benefits are unclear and their safety is uncertain. (Strength of Recommendation [SOR]: B, based on a meta-analysis of ...
What vitamins and minerals should be given to breastfed and bottle-fed infants?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2005)
supplementation for all term, healthy, breastfed infants is not proven to be safe or necessary. Formula-fed infants should be consuming formula that contains 10 to 12 mg/L of iron (SOR: A,
2 small randomized controlled trials)....
Polycystic ovarian syndrome
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2010)
This issue of eMedRef provides information to clinicians on the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and therapeutics of polycystic ovarian syndrome.
Is it time to approach spontaneous pneumothorax more conservatively?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2022)
A recent study provides modest evidence for observational management over interventional treatment, sparing patients from invasive procedures.
Improving Medication Adherence in Patients with Comorbidities
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2011)
Interventions that involve pharmacists to review, simplify, and monitor medication use significantly improve adherence in patients with multiple medical conditions. (Strength of Recommendation: B, based on heterogeneous ...
Rubella in pregnancy
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2010)
This issue of eMedRef provides information to clinicians on the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and therapeutics of rubella in pregnancy.
Clinical Pathway for the Fontan Patient to Standardize Care
(University of Missouri -- Kansas City, 2019)
The Fontan repair is the final stage of surgical palliation for the pediatric patient with a single
ventricle heart. The post-operative medical management of this patient population can be
variable and hospital length ...
Exercise for the Treatment of Knee Osteoarthritis
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2011)
Regular exercise reduces osteoarthritic knee pain and improves functioning. (Strength of Recommendation: A, based on systematic reviews.) Aerobic and strength-training exercises, including land- and water-based exercises, ...