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Now showing items 321-340 of 384
How effective are dietary interventions in lowering lipids in adults with dyslipidemia?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2007)
Diets lower in fat, higher in soy protein, or higher in fiber reduce serum total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and triglycerides. More restrictive low-fat diets also lower high-density lipoprotein (HDL), while ...
Do behavioral interventions improve nighttime sleep in children < 1 year old?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2022-07)
Q: Do behavioral interventions improve nighttime sleep in children < 1 year old? Evidence-based answer: YES. Infants respond to behavioral interventions, although objective data are limited. Behavioral interventions include ...
What is the most effective way to treat recurrent canker sores?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2011)
Amlexanox appears to be most effective overall. Amlexanox 5% paste reduces ulcer size, pain duration, and healing time (strength of recommendation [SOR]: A, multiple randomized controlled trials [RCTs]). Topical steroids ...
What should you tell pregnant women about exposure to parvovirus?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2011)
Tell patients that parvovirus infections before 20 weeks' gestation confer a risk of fetal morbidity and mortality as high as 16%, but don't significantly increase long-term developmental sequelae (strength of recommendation ...
How does VTE risk for the patch and vaginal ring compare with oral contraceptives?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2008)
Evidence is conflicting with regard to the comparative frequency of venous thrombolic events (VTE) among women using the transdermal patch when compared to an oral contraceptive (OC), even though the patch produces a ...
What hormonal contraception is most effective for obese women?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2007)
Depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA; Depo-Provera) and the combination contraceptive vaginal ring (NuvaRing) are most effective for obese women because they don't appear to be affected by body weight (strength of ...
What is the most effective and safe malaria prophylaxis during pregnancy?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2008)
Chloroquine and mefloquine have superior safety profiles in pregnancy, though all antimalarials are effective for prophylaxis. Antimalarials will decrease the severity of maternal malaria infection and malaria-associated ...
How should you manage an overweight breastfed infant?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2009)
Monitor the growth of exclusively breastfed babies by plotting routine weights and lengths on the World Health Organization (WHO) growth curve (strength of recommendation [SOR]: A, systematic reviews). Reassure parents ...
How effective are hypertension self-care interventions?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2007)
Simplification of the dosing regimen (eg, once-daily instead of multiple dosing) improves patients' adherence to anti- hypertensive medications (strength of recommendation [SOR]: B, based on a high- quality systematic ...
What risk factors contribute to C difficile diarrhea?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2011)
Certain antibiotics and using 3 or more antibiotics at one time are associated with Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea (CDAD) (strength of recommendation [SOR]: B, 1 heterogeneous systematic review and several ...
What's the best drug treatment for premature ejaculation?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2008)
Antidepressants--specifically clomipramine, fluoxetine, paroxetine, and sertraline--are best and have been shown to improve symptoms of premature ejaculation (strength of recommendation [SOR]: A, meta-analysis of randomized ...
What is the best surveillance for hepatocellular carcinoma in chronic carriers of hepatitis B?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2006)
Screening patients with chronic hepatitis B infection (HBsAg+) for hepatocellular carcinoma by alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) or by AFP plus ultrasound (AFP/US) detects hepatocellular carcinoma tumors at earlier stages and increases ...
Are any alternative therapies effective in treating asthma?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2007)
Yes, some are. Acupuncture relieves subjective symptoms of asthma and reduces medication use in mild to moderate asthma (strength of recommendation [SOR]: A, based on systematic review of randomized controlled trials [RCTs] ...
How should we treat major depression combined with anxiety?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2007)
One approach is to use antidepressants alone, which reduce symptoms for patients with major depression plus symptoms of anxiety or major depression plus generalized anxiety disorder. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors ...
Which medications can be split without compromising efficacy and safety?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2006)
Split tablets of lisinopril are as effective as whole tablets of the same dose for hypertension (SOR: B, based on small randomized crossover study). Similarly, split tablets of atorvastatin, lovastatin, and simvastatin are ...
How best to diagnose iron-deficiency anemia in patients with inflammatory disease?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2012)
The serum ferritin level is the most sensitive and specific initial laboratory test for iron- deficiency anemia (IDA) in patients with inflammation. Serum ferritin levels <45 ng/dL confirm IDA, and levels of ≥100 ng/dL ...
What is the best imaging method for patients with a presumed acute stroke?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2014)
Evidence-based answer: It depends on whether the stroke is ischemic or hemorrhagic. For early detection of ischemic stroke, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) using diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) is highly sensitive and ...
How much does smoking cessation cut CHD risk?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2008)
Patients with coronary heart disease (CHD) who refrain from smoking over a 2-year follow-up period decrease their relative risk (RR) for morbidity and mortality by about one third (strength of recommendation [SOR]: A, ...
Are there any known health risks to early introduction of solids to an infant's diet?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2009)
Few studies support an association between early introduction of solid food and atopic conditions, obesity, or any other illness (strength of recommendation [SOR]: B, cohort studies with mixed results). Very weak evidence ...
Do any folk remedies or herbals help induce labor?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2008)
Breast stimulation and electroacupuncture help, while other common remedies that have been studied are ineffective, possibly unsafe, or both. Unilateral breast stimulation shortens the time until the onset of labor in women ...