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Now showing items 21-40 of 435
What are the indications for tonsillectomy in children?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2002)
Tonsillectomy with or without adenoidectomy is minimally effective when combined with tympanostomy tube placement in preventing recurrent otitis media in the 3 years following surgery. The risks of surgery must be weighed ...
How effective are pharmacologic agents for alcoholism?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2002)
Naltrexone (ReVia) and nalmefene (Revex) are the most effective agents for treating alcoholism. Acamprosate is effective but not available in the United States. Serotonergic agents, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors ...
What is the best therapy for constipation in infants?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2002)
The best treatment for minor, self-limited constipation (infant dyschezia) may be observation and parental education about its benign nature. (Grade of recommendation: D, expert opinion.) For cases requiring treatment, ...
What are the treatment options for SSRI-related sexual dysfunction?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2002)
Substituting bupropion, nefazodone, or mirtazapine is beneficial. (Grade of recommendation: B, randomized controlled trials [RCTs].) Augmentation therapy with amantadine, bupropion, and buspirone is no better than placebo. ...
What is the differential diagnosis of chronic diarrhea in immunocompetent patients?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2002)
Case series from tertiary-care centers report toddler's diarrhea, cow's milk sensitivity enteropathy, infection, celiac disease, and idiopathic chronic diarrhea as the most common etiologies in the pediatric population. ...
Is prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening indicated for any subgroup of men?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2002)
on inadequate reference standards and an unclear clinical decision rule.)...
Should we treat elevated cholesterol in elderly patients?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2002)
controlled trials.) The clinical benefit of statin use in older persons without known CHD, however, is uncertain. Decisions about testing for lipid levels and treatment should include discussions with the patient about the potential benefits and risks...
What are effective treatments for panic disorder?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2002)
effect (Grade of recommendation: A, based on systematic reviews of randomized clinical trials (RCTs); high quality RCTs)....
What is the most effective treatment for tinea pedis (athlete's foot)?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2002)
slightly lower cure rates, but are considerably less expensive. (Grade of recommendation: A) The most effective treatment for tinea pedis is oral terbinafine 250 mg twice a day for 2 weeks (94% clinical cure rate). However, oral terbinafine is expensive...
How should a DEXA scan be used to evaluate bisphosphonate therapy for osteoporosis?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2005)
If bone density is evaluated after initiating bisphosphonate drug therapy, it should be tested no earlier than 2 years (strength of recommendation [SOR]: B, based on case series of dual energy x-ray absorptiometry [DEXA] ...
What are effective strategies for reducing the risk of steroid-induced osteoporosis?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2002)
Calcium, in combination with vitamin D, prevents bone loss and is recommended in all patients. (Grade of recommendation: A, based on systematic reviews of randomized controlled trials [RCTs]). Alendronate and risedronate ...
Should a nylon brush be used for Pap smears from pregnant women?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2005)
Use of a nylon brush (Cytobrush and others) with spatula to obtain Papanicolaou (Pap) smears from pregnant women is more likely to obtain sufficient endocervical cells, without adverse consequence for the mother or for the ...
What is the target for low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in patients with heart disease?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2002)
Large published randomized controlled trials (RCTs) show that pravastatin and simvastatin are well-tolerated and reduce major coronary events such as death, myocardial infarction, and revascularization by about 25%. The ...
What is the best approach for managing recurrent bacterial vaginosis?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2004)
The best way to prevent recurrent bacterial vaginosis is to treat the initial episode with the most effective regimen. Metronidazole (500 mg orally twice daily for 7 days) has the lowest recurrence rate among antimicrobial ...
What are the most effective interventions to reduce childhood obesity?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2002)
Efforts to increase physical activity or decrease sedentary activities have shown some short-term benefit, and adding dietary changes may be more effective. Aiming interventions at parents, intensive family therapy, ...
What levels of cholesterol should be treated for primary prevention?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2002)
The levels of cholesterol that should be treated for primary prevention are based on low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels of > 100 mg/dL to > 190 mg/dL and vary according to whether the patient's risk is high, ...
What are the indications for urodynamic testing in older adults with incontinence?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2002)
Urodynamic testing is indicated for older adults with incontinence when the underlying cause remains unclear (Grade of Recommendation: B, based on multiple well designed, but inconsistent, randomized controlled trials ...
What is the most effective treatment for acute low back pain?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2002)
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are more effective than placebo for pain relief in patients with acute low back pain (grade of recommendation: A). There is no consistent evidence that NSAIDs are more effective ...
Do antioxidants (vitamins C, E) improve outcomes in patients with coronary artery disease?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2002)
Antioxidant supplements of vitamins E and C do not reduce cardiovascular death in people with coronary artery disease. Vitamin E supplementation, in a variety of doses, does not decrease the incidence of cardiovascular or ...
What medications are effective for treating symptoms of premenstrual syndrome (PMS)?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2002)
Vitamin B6 (50-100 mg/d) and elemental calcium (1200 mg/d) are safe, inexpensive, and moderately effective(grade of recommendation: B). Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) and some other antidepressants are ...