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Now showing items 61-80 of 327
How do we evaluate a marginally low B12 level?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2007)
The best way to evaluate a low-normal B12 level is to check serum methylmalonic acid and homocysteine levels1 (strength of recommendation [SOR]: B, based on consistent level 2 or 3 studies). Give 1 or 2 mg of oral vitamin ...
Evaluation of Apparent Life-Threatening Events in Infants
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2007)
A comprehensive, detailed history and physical examination with pulse oximetry and nondilated funduscopy (to look for traumatic retinal hemorrhage) helps to determine the underlying etiology of an apparent life-threatening ...
Angiotensin Blockade in Patients with Diabetic Nephropathy
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2007)
When used to delay the progression of early nephropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, angiotensin receptor blockers (ARBs) are not superior to angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors. (Strength of ...
Glycemic Control in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2007)
There is no clearly superior oral agent for glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes. (Strength of Recommendation [SOR]: C) Metformin (Glucophage) has shown additional benefit when compared with other treatments ...
Group Medical Visits for the Management of Chronic Pain
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2007)
Improvements of possible practical significance were seen for various clinical measures in studies of group treatment sessions for patients with back pain, arthritis, and rheumatic disease. However, studies on group treatment ...
Which Lipoprotein Measurements Are Clinically Useful?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2007)
Emerging lipid risk factors for cardiovascular disease include lipoprotein remnants, lipoprotein (a), small LDL particles, HDL subspecies, apolipoprotein B, apolipoprotein A-I, and oxidized LDL. Measurement of these levels ...
How should we treat major depression combined with anxiety?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2007)
One approach is to use antidepressants alone, which reduce symptoms for patients with major depression plus symptoms of anxiety or major depression plus generalized anxiety disorder. Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors ...
Do inhaled steroids increase the risk of osteoporosis?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2007)
The use of inhaled corticosteroids at conventional doses for asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) does not appear to be associated with significant bone loss at 2 to 3 years of follow-up (strength of ...
How should you further evaluate an adult with a testicular mass?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2007)
Perform a scrotal ultrasonography immediately to determine whether emergency surgery is necessary for patients with an exam or history that suggests testicular torsion or rupture (strength of recommendation [SOR]: B, based ...
How effective are dietary interventions in lowering lipids in adults with dyslipidemia?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2007)
Diets lower in fat, higher in soy protein, or higher in fiber reduce serum total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and triglycerides. More restrictive low-fat diets also lower high-density lipoprotein (HDL), while ...
How should you treat Candida vaginitis in patients on antibiotics?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2007)
Oral and intravaginal antifungals for the treatment of uncomplicated vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) have similar effectiveness (strength of recommendation [SOR]: A, systematic review). However, no randomized controlled ...
Is guaifenesin safe during pregnancy?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2007)
It's not clear; little evidence supports or refutes the safety of guaifenesin, a common expectorant, in pregnancy. A small number of observational and case-control studies suggest a weak association between guaifenesin use ...
History, exam, and labs: Is one enough to diagnose acute adult appendicitis?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2007)
No, none of the 3--history, exam, or labs-- is sufficiently accurate to diagnose acute appendicitis (strength of recommendation [SOR]: A, based on meta-analysis of high- quality studies). When combined, the following tests ...
Annual zoledronic acid infusion lowers risk of fracture, death
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2007)
Patients with a prior hip fracture have 2.5 times the risk of a new fracture compared to age-matched persons without a previous hip fracture. For patients with a recent hip fracture, intravenous zoledronic acid annually ...
Can you differentiate bacterial from viral pediatric infections based on the CBC?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2007)
No--the complete blood count (CBC) alone does not have adequate sensitivity or specificity to tell bacterial from viral infections (strength of recommendation [SOR]: B, cohort studies). When used in conjunction with other ...
Does warfarin prevent venous thromboembolic events in aPL-positive patients?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2007)
Yes, warfarin is effective in the secondary prevention of venous thromboembolic events (VTEs) for patients positive for lupus anticoagulant or anticardiolipin antibody (also known as antiphospholipid antibodies [aPL]) ...
Does a low-fat diet help prevent breast cancer?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2007)
No. Studies show no evidence that reducing dietary fat decreases a woman's risk of developing postmenopausal breast cancer within the subsequent 14 years (strength of recommendation [SOR]: B, based on large heterogeneous ...
Does the age you introduce food to an infant affect allergies later?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2007)
Yes. In children at high risk for atopy (those with a family history of allergy, asthma, or eczema in at least 1 first-degree relative), breastfeeding or giving hydrolyzed protein formula during the first 4 to 6 months ...
Do COX-2 inhibitors worsen renal function?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2007)
No, COX-2 inhibitors, as a class, do not worsen renal function for those without renal disease. Celecoxib is the only COX-2 inhibitor available, and it is associated with a lower risk of renal dysfunction and hypertension ...
Can infants/toddlers get enough fluoride through brushing?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2007)
Yes. Brushing twice daily with topical fluoride toothpaste decreases the incidence of dental caries in infants and toddlers (strength of recommendation [SOR]: A, based on meta-analyses of randomized controlled trials ...