Sinclair School of Nursing (MU)The Sinclair School of Nursing is college at the University of Missouri-Columbia.https://hdl.handle.net/10355/3612024-03-28T10:13:53Z2024-03-28T10:13:53Z2 Feet 4 Life : feasibility of a foot care self-management intervention for older adults without diabetesO'Connor, Jennifer J.https://hdl.handle.net/10355/761812022-09-27T15:50:49Z2019-01-01T00:00:00Z2 Feet 4 Life : feasibility of a foot care self-management intervention for older adults without diabetes
O'Connor, Jennifer J.
[ACCESS RESTRICTED TO THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI AT REQUEST OF AUTHOR.] Foot problems are prevalent, impact over 30% of older adults, and can lead to loss of function, falls, and hospitalization. This pilot intervention study, based on Social Cognitive Theory, evaluated the feasibility, acceptability and preliminary efficacy of the 2 Feet 4 Life foot care self-management intervention on foot care knowledge, self-efficacy, self-management behaviors, foot pain and foot health. Thirty-two non-diabetic, community-dwelling older adults were recruited from two senior centers. One community center was randomized to receive the Intervention; the other served as Control. Within the Control group, participants were randomized into two subgroups: True Control and Bias Control. The 2 Feet 4 Life intervention consisted of one hour sessions for four consecutive weeks. Assessments occurred at baseline, one month, four months and seven months. Study recruitment and retention goals were met (90.6% retention rate). The intervention was safely and accurately implemented within the anticipated timelines. Although some participants reported difficulties with select vocabulary used on one or more the patient-reported outcome tools, participants found the intervention content valuable and session length and frequency acceptable. Modest improvements in foot care knowledge, foot care behaviors, and foot health were observed in the Intervention group. Based on our analysis, the estimated between group effect size of 2 Feet 4 Life intervention appears to be large for foot care knowledge, self-efficacy, and behaviors. Our findings suggest that the patient-reported and provider-reported outcome tools used in this study require further refinement and psychometric testing. Future fully powered studies need to include diverse samples of older adults with greater variability in foot health and foot pain.
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2019-01-01T00:00:00ZAbuse and Pregnancy: Exploring Factors That May Contribute to Birthweight DisparitiesEllis, Kathleen Kistnerhttps://hdl.handle.net/10355/458492021-02-09T17:32:51Z2014-01-01T00:00:00ZAbuse and Pregnancy: Exploring Factors That May Contribute to Birthweight Disparities
Ellis, Kathleen Kistner
[ACCESS RESTRICTED TO THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI AT AUTHOR'S REQUEST.] Infants born prematurely and those who are categorized as low birthweight (LBW) and/or small for gestational age (SGA) face complications which can be detrimental to health. The literature shows differing effects of abuse on birthweight, so this study centered on a subsample of women who gave birth to LBW, SGA, or LBW/SGA infants from a larger study of low-income, abused pregnant women (DOVE). This secondary qualitative descriptive study analyzed the qualitative interviews of women who delivered LBW, SGA, or LBW/SGA infants to identify trends in their lives which may have contributed to birthweight disparities. The women's lives were described in terms of their families of origin, characteristics of the abuser, and the chaotic lives in which they attempted to navigate safety for themselves and their unborn children.
2014-01-01T00:00:00ZAn analysis of discipline disparities of Black and White students in Springfield public schoolsGriffith, Margarethttps://hdl.handle.net/10355/915732023-06-01T19:43:50Z2022-01-01T00:00:00ZAn analysis of discipline disparities of Black and White students in Springfield public schools
Griffith, Margaret
In the existing literature, there is evidence of inequities in the use of exclusionary discipline, however, there is an absence of literature examining why this discrepancy exists in light of substantial efforts to address the problem. The purpose of this study, therefore, is to address these concerns. First, the study examines any existing disparities in school discipline within a Midwest school district. Then, the study seeks to determine what contributing factors have led to an environment where Black students may receive exclusionary discipline significantly more often than their White counterparts. Quantitative findings from this mixed-methods study confirmed Black students received exclusionary discipline at a higher rate than White students at the school district, despite a reduction in the overall use of exclusionary discipline in the district. Qualitative data revealed 1) some, but not all, district staff believe there was a significant disparity in exclusionary discipline between Black and White students, 2) all participants agreed the district policies regarding exclusionary discipline are imprecise, subjective, and inconsistent, 3) all participants identified the primary cause of inequities in the use of exclusionary discipline were identified as staff members' lack of appreciation for cultural and ethnic differences. The researcher recommends a three-fold approach to ameliorate this inequity. These include sharing these findings with all employees, providing sensitivity training for employees, and moving toward more objective criteria for the assignment of exclusionary discipline.
2022-01-01T00:00:00ZAssessing the feasibility and acceptability of a Health Action Process Approach physical activity and sedentary behavior self-guided workbook in rural adults with Type 2 diabetesHowland, Chelseahttps://hdl.handle.net/10355/940652024-01-30T21:47:15Z2022-01-01T00:00:00ZAssessing the feasibility and acceptability of a Health Action Process Approach physical activity and sedentary behavior self-guided workbook in rural adults with Type 2 diabetes
Howland, Chelsea
Physical inactivity and increased amounts of time spent sedentary pose a significant health risk for adults with Type 2 diabetes (T2DM); increasing physical activity (PA) and reducing sedentary behavior can improve diabetes outcomes. Rural adults are disproportionately affected by T2DM and experience barriers to diabetes self- management resources creating a disparate health situation. Mobile health technology interventions can improve health outcomes and are a resource which can bridge barriers in access to diabetes self-management resources in rural populations. However, little research has been conducted in rural populations delivering a PA and sedentary behavior change intervention using mobile health technology strategies. There is a dearth of rigorously developed and evaluated mobile health technology interventions for rural adults with T2DM, making it difficult to understand the appropriateness for rural adults, mechanisms of behavior change, and validity of outcomes derived. This dissertation study evaluated the feasibility and safety, acceptability, and preliminary effects of a novel Health Action Process Approach model guided PA and sedentary behavior intervention for rural adults with T2DM. This study found that the intervention was acceptable and appropriate for rural adults. Feasibility data collected provided evidence for intervention refinement. A moderate significant effect size was detected post-intervention for increased leisure-time self-reported PA (r = .48, p = .04). Large non-significant effect sizes were observed post-intervention for reduction in sedentary time spent using a computer (r = .51, p = .11) and watching television (r = .59, p = .06). Detected effect sizes suggest the intervention impacted PA and sedentary behaviors as intended and warrant future evaluation as a fully powered study to evaluate intervention efficacy is larger, more diverse samples. With future research and the transition of evidence to a mobile health technology platform, health disparities in a vulnerable rural population with T2DM could be improved, resulting in positive health outcomes and reductions in chronic disease burden.
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