Animal Sciences electronic theses and dissertations (MU)The electronic theses and dissertations of the Division of Animal Sciences.https://hdl.handle.net/10355/52372024-03-29T07:11:32Z2024-03-29T07:11:32Z11 [beta]-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity in feline, equine, and ossabaw swine adipose tissueFarias, Fabiana Helena Geraldohttps://hdl.handle.net/10355/49092020-11-22T04:15:42Z2007-01-01T00:00:00Z11 [beta]-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity in feline, equine, and ossabaw swine adipose tissue
Farias, Fabiana Helena Geraldo
Enzymatic 11 [beta] HSD1 amplification of glucocorticoid concentrations in adipose tissue has been associated with obesity, diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and cardiovascular disease in humans and mice. Unfortunately, very little is known about 11 [beta] HSD1 in other species. Therefore, three species were studied to determine if 11 [beta] HSD1 activity existed in adipose tissue in a species dependent manner and if so, did the amount of enzymatic activity differ with respect to specific adipose depots within that species. Feline (carnivore): fat samples were collected from 6 cats, each sampled from 5 different adipose depots. immunohistochemically, 11 [beta] HSD1 was found in each of the adipose depots. Level of 11 [beta] HSD1 activity differed with depot and cat tested (P [less than] 0.05). Morphometric analyses revealed that adipocyte diameters differed (P [less than] .05) with adipose depot and cat, however, adipocyte volume did not correlate with level of 11 [beta] HSD1 activity. Equine (herbivore): fat samples were collected from the abdominal and subcutaneous adipose depots of 23 horses. immunohistochemically, 11 [beta] HSD1 was present in equine adipose, but level of activity did not differ with depot, nor body condition score of the horse. Porcine (omnivore): fat samples were collected from abdominal and subcutaneous adipose depots from 8 Ossabaw pigs. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed the presence of 11 [beta] HSD1 in porcine, but the level of activity did not differ between tissue depots.
The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file.; Title from title screen of research.pdf file (viewed on January 3, 2008); Includes bibliographical references.; Thesis (M.S.) University of Missouri--Columbia 2007.; Dissertations, Academic -- University of Missouri--Columbia -- Animal sciences.
2007-01-01T00:00:00ZAblation of conceptus PTGS2 provides a new understanding of early pregnancy events in the pigPfeiffer, Caroline Annehttps://hdl.handle.net/10355/758452022-09-27T15:52:15Z2019-01-01T00:00:00ZAblation of conceptus PTGS2 provides a new understanding of early pregnancy events in the pig
Pfeiffer, Caroline Anne
Pig conceptuses produce and secrete estrogens (E[2]), interleukin 1 beta 2 (IL1B2), and prostaglandins (PGs) during the period of rapid trophoblast elongation and establishment of pregnancy. Previous studies established that IL1B2 is essential for rapid conceptus elongation (Whyte et al., Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2018), whereas E[2] is not essential for conceptus elongation or early maintenance of the corpora lutea (CL) (Meyer et al., 2019). Prostaglandin synthase 2 (PTGS2) expression increases during early pig conceptus development along with production of PGs. Blastocysts express PTGS2 but not prostaglandin synthase 1 (PTGS1) during early development. To evaluate the role of conceptus PTGS2-derived PGs in early pregnancy, CRISPR/Cas9 gene editing was used to create a deletion in exon 1 of the PTGS2 gene. Both PTGS2[+/+] and PTGS2[-/-] embryos were generated using edited fibroblast cells and somatic cell nuclear transfer. Culture media from PTGS2[+/+] and PTGS2[-/-] blastocysts was collected at day 7. Total PG was substantially lower (P < 0.0001) in the culture media of PTGS2[-/-] compared to PTGS2[+/+] blastocysts. PTGS2 was detectable by immunolocalization in PTGS2[+/+] but absent in PTGS2[-/-] blastocysts. Next, PTGS2[+/+] and PTGS2[-/-] blastocysts were transferred into the uterus of surrogate gilts, and the reproductive tract was collected on either day 14 or 17 of pregnancy. Elongating and filamentous type conceptuses were recovered from the uterine lumen by flushing. The conceptuses were cultured for 3 hours to determine overall PG production. Total PG was lower (P < 0.0001) in media of PTGS2[-/-] conceptuses compared to PTGS2[+/+] conceptuses. However, total content of prostaglandin E[2] (PGE[2]) and prostaglandin F[2alpha] (PGF[2alpha]) in the flushings of the uterine lumen containing either PTGS2[-/-] or PTGS2[+/+] conceptuses were not different (P = 0.99 and P = 0.15, respectively). Next, PTGS2[-/-] blastocysts were transferred into surrogate gilts to assess pregnancy establishment beyond 17 days. Of note, pregnancy was maintained beyond day 30 in gilts gestating PTGS2[-/-] embryos. Thus, conceptus-derived PGs do not have a biological role in early pregnancy in terms of conceptus elongation and pregnancy establishment.
Includes vita
2019-01-01T00:00:00ZAbundance of TRIM28, SETDB1, and TP53 mRNA is dynamically regulated during porcine early embryogenesis and is abnormal in preimplantation embryos produced by in vitro fertilization in comparison to in vivo derived and nuclear transfer derived embryosHamm, Jennifer Maurinehttps://hdl.handle.net/10355/447342021-01-05T19:11:00Z2013-01-01T00:00:00ZAbundance of TRIM28, SETDB1, and TP53 mRNA is dynamically regulated during porcine early embryogenesis and is abnormal in preimplantation embryos produced by in vitro fertilization in comparison to in vivo derived and nuclear transfer derived embryos
Hamm, Jennifer Maurine
[ACCESS RESTRICTED TO THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI AT AUTHOR'S REQUEST.] In vitro embryo production is important for research in animal reproduction, embryo transfer, transgenics, and cloning. However, in vitro-derived embryos generally have delayed development and are inferior to in vivo-derived embryos likely resulting from aberrant gene expression. To characterize three genes implicated to be important in normal preimplantation embryo development, the abundance of TRIM28, SETDB1, and TP53 was determined in in vitro fertilized (IVF), somatic cell nuclear transfer (NT), parthenogenetic, and in vivo-derived (IVV) porcine oocytes and embryos. Abundance of mRNA was quantified by real-time PCR after mRNA isolation and cDNA amplification. There was no difference in TRIM28 or SETDB1 abundance between oocytes matured in vitro versus in vivo. There was an increase of TP53 in in vitro matured oocytes. TRIM28 increased from MII to the 4-cell and blastocyst stage in IVF embryos, whereas IVV embryos have decreased TRIM28 abundance from maturation throughout development. Relative abundance of TP53 increases around the blastocyst stage in all treatment groups, but is higher in IVF embryos compared to IVV and NT embryos. SETDB1 decreases from the 2-cell to blastocyst stage in all treatments. For each gene analyzed, NT embryos of both hard to clone- and easy to clone- cell lines were more comparable to IVV embryos than IVF embryos. TRIM28, SETDB1, and TP53 are dynamically expressed in porcine oocytes and embryos. TRIM28 and TP53 are aberrantly expressed in IVF embryos in comparison to IVV and NT derived embryos. Knockdown of TRIM28 has no effect on blastocyst development or expression of SETDB1 or TP53.
Abstract from short.pdf.; "December 2013."; "A Thesis presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School University of Missouri--Columbia In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Science."; Thesis supervisor: Dr. Randall Prather.
2013-01-01T00:00:00ZAge as a factor in animal breedingDas, Rajani Kanta, 1881-https://hdl.handle.net/10355/147192022-10-17T20:09:36Z1911-01-01T00:00:00ZAge as a factor in animal breeding
Das, Rajani Kanta, 1881-
Many breeders believe in the evil effect of early reproduction. It is said that early marriage has led to the degeneracy of many nations. The domestic animals are national assets and their preservation, like the conservatives of other natural resources, is a question of vital importance to a country. But, unfortunately, this question has received very little attention among the breeders and biologists. One or two experimental stations did some work along this line, but their work is neither comprehensive nor far-reaching. Director F.B. Mumford of the Agricultural Experiment Station at the University of Missouri first conceived the idea of conducting an experiment for the determination of the proper age of animals for breeding. Unfortunately the experiment has not been more than 2 1/2 years old and data at the disposal of the writer is not at all sufficient to give any conclusive results. In the following pages, first the views of biologists and practical breeders have been given and then the results of various experiments, observations and records have been gathered. The results of the experiment at the Missouri Station have also been noted as far as possible. Finally a short criticism and discussion has been followed by conclusion.
M.A. University of Missouri 1911; "Presented in partial fulfillustrationsment of the requirements for the degree of master of science in agriculture."; Contains 14 folded tables and charts.; Typescript.
1911-01-01T00:00:00Z