2018 Health Sciences Research Day (MU)https://hdl.handle.net/10355/665902024-03-28T14:00:02Z2024-03-28T14:00:02ZThe Bordetella bacteriophage DGR employs similar mechanisms for retrotransposition in heterologous speciesNaorem, Santa S.Han, JinJackson, ChristaZhang, BingyueGuo, JamesGuo, Huataohttps://hdl.handle.net/10355/665942020-12-11T16:08:52Z2018-01-01T00:00:00ZThe Bordetella bacteriophage DGR employs similar mechanisms for retrotransposition in heterologous species
Naorem, Santa S.; Han, Jin; Jackson, Christa; Zhang, Bingyue; Guo, James; Guo, Huatao
Diversity-generating retroelements (DGRs) are a unique group of retroelements found in bacteria, archaea and their viruses. They mediate hyperdiversification of protein-encoding DNA sequences in facilitate the adaptation of their hosts to changing environments. The prototype DGR was discovered in the Bordetella bacteriophage BPP-1 and consists of three genes, mtd (major tropism determinant), avd (accessory variability determinant) and brt (Bordetella reverse transcriptase), and two imperfect repeats, variable repeat (VR) and template repeat (TR). VR is located at the 3' end of mtd, which encodes the phage distal tail fiber protein responsible for receptor recognition. Diversification of mtd results from unidirectional transfer of sequence information from TR to VR during which adenine residues in TR are converted into random nucleotides in VR, leading to phage tropic variants that recognize different receptor molecules. Here, we show that the BPP-1 DGR is also functional in heterologous bacterial species - Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and uses a similar mechanism for cDNA synthesis. However, efficiency of DGR mutagenic homing is affected by target sequence orientation in plasmids. Interestingly, overexpression of Avd and bRT has differential effects on DGR homing into targets inserted in different vectors. Surprisingly, homing into plasmid targets in E. coli is found to be largely independent of IMH (initiation of mutagenic homing) and the DNA stem-loop, elements important for its homing into native phage targets.
2018-01-01T00:00:00ZEar canal foreign bodies in a single institution's emergency departmentMullen, ConnorSchmid, J.Gov-Ari, Eliavhttps://hdl.handle.net/10355/668182020-12-11T16:08:50Z2018-01-01T00:00:00ZEar canal foreign bodies in a single institution's emergency department
Mullen, Connor; Schmid, J.; Gov-Ari, Eliav
"Ear Canal Foreign Bodies (ECFB) are common presenting complaint to emergency departments, accounting for 0.05% of all emergency department visits, averaging 35.3 Ear Canal foreign bodies annually at the University of Missouri. ECFB are often superficial in the lateral 1/3 of external auditory canal (EAC), require non-urgent intervention, and are removed by primary care providers or emergency personnel. According to literature, when divided into "graspable" and "nongraspable" in children, success and complication rates of 64% and 14%, and 45% and 70%, respectively, have been reported. To better understand our institution's management of ECFB, we are asking -in a tertiary referral center, does foreign body removal success rate vary based on provider training level? Secondary hypothesis include whether or not the rate of initial removal success varies between younger pediatric vs. older pediatric and adult patients?"--Introduction.
Connor Mullen, BS, Schmid J, MD, and Gov-Ari E, MD, FACS, FAAP ; Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, University of Missouri, School of Medicine.; 1 poster; Includes bibliographical references.
2018-01-01T00:00:00ZFalse negative home sleep apnea testing - an important concept to prevent misdiagnosis in patients with underlying sleep apneaYelam, AnudeepTaylor, RossBollu, Pradeep C.https://hdl.handle.net/10355/665962020-12-11T16:08:51Z2018-01-01T00:00:00ZFalse negative home sleep apnea testing - an important concept to prevent misdiagnosis in patients with underlying sleep apnea
Yelam, Anudeep; Taylor, Ross; Bollu, Pradeep C.
Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) syndrome is characterized by repetitive reduction or cessation of airflow due to partial or complete obstruction of the airway leading to hypoxemia, arousals from sleep and fragmented sleep. It affects 5% of adult men and 2% of women in western countries and is associated with comorbidities such as cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and several neurobehavioral morbidities. The current gold standard for a definitive diagnosis of OSA is an overnight Polysomnography (PSG). The overnight polysomnogram performed in a sleep center will give the comprehensive report of that includes the number of apneas, hypopneas and respiratory effort related arousals (RERAs). The total number of apneas and hypopneas per hour of sleep is called Apnea Hypopnea Index (AHI) while the total number of apneas, hypopneas and RERAs per hour of sleep is called 'Respiratory Disturbance Index' -RDI. Sleep Apnea is diagnosed if the RDI is 5 or more per hour of sleep. Home Sleep Apnea Testing (HSAT) has become an important tool in identifying high risk population. As the name suggests, the study is done while the patients sleep in their homes. One of the limitations of the study is the lack of Electroencephalographic (EEG) data. This prevents the inclusion of RERAs in the diagnosis of Sleep Apnea. The results of this preliminary analysis serves as the foundation to elucidate whether subtle changes in breathing patterns recorded during a sleep study are reflected in changes in cortical activity.
2018-01-01T00:00:00ZFamily history of autoimmune disease leading to a protracted disease course of Henoch-Schonlein PurpuraLester, LaurenPatwardhan, Anjalihttps://hdl.handle.net/10355/665932020-12-11T16:08:52Z2018-01-01T00:00:00ZFamily history of autoimmune disease leading to a protracted disease course of Henoch-Schonlein Purpura
Lester, Lauren; Patwardhan, Anjali
[SEE DIACRITIC] Henoch-Schonlein Purpura: It is a non-thrombocytopenic, purpuric and systemic vasculitis of childhood. It is the most common systemic vasculitis of children between the ages of 2 and 10. It produces a constellation of symptoms including a purpuric rash on the lower extremities, abdominal pain, renal involvement, and arthritis. The outcome is typically very good with supportive care, but some cases may lead to long term morbidity, complications, and even death. The data on patient populations with this disease in the United States is rare, with most of the existing studies having been completed in Europe and the Middle East. While this study is ongoing, the purpose of the study is to determine if a family history of autoimmune disease is a significant factor in developing Henoch-Schonlein Purpura, and how that affects the disease course including presence of complications.
2018-01-01T00:00:00Z