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dc.contributor.authorLingamfelter, Danieleng
dc.contributor.authorHoffman, Lauraeng
dc.contributor.authorVerma, Amiteng
dc.contributor.authorDePond, Williameng
dc.contributor.authorLankachandra, Kamanieng
dc.date.issued2007-07-12eng
dc.description.abstractAbstract We present the case of a 46 year old woman with a giant, 23-centimeter, atypical carcinoid of the liver. A primary site for this neoplasm could not be identified despite multiple radiographic imaging studies, including a somatostatin scan, and a thorough inspection of the bowel during surgical resection of the lesion. Histologically, the tumor displayed mild cytologic atypia, abundant necrosis, and intravascular metastases, the last feature of which was identified by immunohistochemical markers for chromogranin and synaptophysin. Also described is the unusual sinusoidal infiltration, or "spillage," of tumor cells into the surrounding liver parenchyma, a feature that has not been described as far as we are aware but may suggest an aggressive clinical course. Even though an exact definition of atypia for these lesions apparently does not exist at this point, the multiple atypical features in this case strongly suggest the diagnosis of atypical carcinoid of the liver, thus far an altogether rare and vaguely reported entity. As more cases arise in the medical literature, it may be worthwhile to establish a set of guidelines to define atypical hepatic carcinoids and other gastrointestinal carcinoids, although survivorship data thus far indicates no significant difference in the prognosis between typical versus atypical variants.eng
dc.description.versionPeer Reviewedeng
dc.identifier.citationJournal of Medical Case Reports. 2007 Jul 12;1(1):47eng
dc.identifier.urihttp://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1752-1947-1-47eng
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/10355/15043eng
dc.rights.holderDaniel Lingamfelter et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.eng
dc.titleGiant atypical carcinoid of the liver with vascular metastases and local sinusoidal invasion: a case reporteng
dc.typeJournal Articleeng


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