What are the benfits and risks of IUDs in adolescents?

Abstract

Little available evidence specifically addresses the benefits and risks of intrauterine devices (IUDs) in adolescents. Most studies have evaluated IUD use in nulliparous adults. Levonorgestrel IUDs cause less menstrual bleeding than oral contraceptive pills (OCPs) in adult nulliparous women without differences in complications or pregnancy rates (strength of recommendation [SOR]: B, one RCT). Levonorgestrel IUDs appear to have similar expulsion and continuation rates in adolescents and adults (SOR: B, one prospective study). Adult nulliparous women who discontinue IUDs have subsequent birth rates similar to women who stop using OCPs or barrier methods. (SOR: B, limited quality evidence).