• How effective are opioids for chronic low back pain? 

    Freund, Jeffrey; Kraus, Connie; Hooper-Lane, Christopher (Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2015)
    Q: How effective are opioids for chronic low back pain? Evidence-based answer: Short-term (<4 months) treatment with opioids provides modest relief of chronic low back pain, but only minimal improvement in function compared ...