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Does furosemide decrease morbidity or mortality for patients with diastolic or systolic dysfunction?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2005)
No large-scale randomized, placebo-controlled trials evaluate furosemide's effect on mortality and long-term morbidity in diastolic or systolic dysfunction. In short-term studies, furosemide reduces edema, reduces ...
Can type 2 diabetes be prevented through diet and exercise?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2005)
Diets that result in long-term weight loss of 5% to 7%, along with moderate-intensity exercise for more than 150 minutes per week, reduce the incidence of type 2 diabetes for patients with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) ...
Raloxifene for Prevention of Osteoporotic Fractures
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2005)
Raloxifene (60 mg daily for three years) will prevent one vertebral fracture, including asymptomatic fractures, for every 46 postmenopausal women with osteoporosis or presence of previous vertebral fractures. Raloxifene ...
Antiviral Agents for Pregnant Women with Genital Herpes
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2005)
There is no evidence that the use of antiviral agents in women who are pregnant and have a history of genital herpes prevents perinatal transmission of herpes simplex virus (HSV) to neonates. [Strength of recommendation: ...
Treatment of Early Parkinson's Disease
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2005)
Treatment of early Parkinson's disease with either selegiline (Eldepryl), a dopamine agonist (pramipexole [Mirapex], ropinirole [Requip], or bromocriptine [Parlodel]), or the combination of levodopa and carbidopa (Sinemet) ...
Colorectal Cancer Screening
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2005)
Both fecal occult blood testing (FOBT) and flexible sigmoidoscopy are effective in screening for colorectal cancer. FOBT can reduce mortality from colorectal cancer. [Strength of recommendation: A, based on high-quality ...
Management of Subclinical Hypothyroidism
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2005)
Treatment of subclinical hypothyroidism with levothyroxine may be of most benefit to patients with symptoms suggestive of hypothyroidism and those patients with thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels higher than 10 μIU ...
Which treatments for persistent otitis media with effusion are beneficial?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2005)
Treatments such as antibiotics, steroids, antihistamines/decongestants, and mucolytics afford no long-term benefit in the treatment of patients with otitis media with effusion (OME). [Strength of recommendation: A] Surgical ...
Treatment of Calf Deep Venous Thrombosis
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2005)
Patients with a first episode of calf DVT with a transient risk factor should receive heparin therapy followed by oral anti- coagulation for six to 12 weeks. [Strength of recommendation: A, based on systematic review of ...
What are effective therapies for Clostridium difficile- associated diarrhea?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2005)
Oral metronidazole and oral vancomycin are
equally effective treatments for Clostridium difficile- associated diarrhea (CDAD) (strength of recommendation [SOR]: A, based on randomized trials). Oral vancomycin is considerably ...
Does quinine reduce leg cramps for young athletes?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2005)
Very little evidence exists regarding the use of quinine for cramps in young adult athletes. Quinine may be an effective treatment for heat cramps in athletes (strength of recommendation [SOR]: C, 1 case series involving ...
Do statins delay onset or slow progression of Alzheimer's dementia?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2005)
Statins (coenzyme-A reductase inhibitors) should not be used with the single intent to delay the onset or slow the progression of dementia. Large randomized control trials (RCTs) found that the administration of a statin ...
How does colonoscopy compare with fecal occult blood testing as a screening tool for colon cancer?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2005)
No studies have directly compared colonoscopy with fecal occult blood testing (FOBT). Multiple screening trials have demonstrated that a primary strategy of 3-card home FOBT with follow-up colonoscopy for positive results ...
Should liver enzymes be checked in a patient taking niacin?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2005)
No randomized trials directly address the question of frequency of liver enzyme monitoring with niacin use. Niacin use is associated with early and late hepatotoxicity (strength of recommendation [SOR]: B, based on incidence ...
How useful is high-sensitivity CRP as a risk factor for coronary artery disease?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2005)
Little evidence supports the use of the high-sensitivity C-reactive protein assay (hs-CRP) as a screening test for cardiovascular disease (CVD) in the healthy adult population. There is significant debate about its use in ...
How should we follow athletes after a concussion?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2005)
Athletes sustaining a concussion should be held from contact activities a minimum of 7 days; they must be asymptomatic and their coordination and neuropsychological tests should have returned to their pre-injury baseline ...
How long is expectant management safe in first-trimester miscarriage?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2005)
More than 80% of women with a first-trimester spontaneous abortion have complete natural passage of tissue within 2 to 6 weeks with no higher complication rate than that from surgical intervention (strength of recommendation ...
What is the initial work-up in the diagnosis of hypertension?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2005)
Patients with a new diagnosis of hypertension should be evaluated with a history and physical exam and the following initial studies: serum potassium and creatinine, fasting serum glucose and lipid panel, hematocrit, ...
What are the indications for evaluating a patient with cough for pertussis?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2005)
Pertussis should be considered in infants with apnea or severe coughing illnesses of any duration, and in older children or adults with prolonged cough (eg, longer than 2 weeks), especially if accompanied by inspiratory ...
Which imaging modality is best for suspected stroke?
(Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2005)
Patients exhibiting stroke symptoms should have brain imaging immediately within 3 hours of symptom onset (strength of recommendation [SOR]: A, based on systematic review). In the first 3 hours after a suspected cerebrovascular ...