dc.contributor.author | Penmetsa, Santhi | eng |
dc.contributor.author | Simmons, Michael | eng |
dc.date.issued | 2005 | eng |
dc.description.abstract | Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and angiotensin-receptor blockers (ARBs) are the first-line agents for reducing the risk of diabetic nephropathy. For patients intolerant to these agents, non-dihydropyridine calcium antagonists (NDCAs), such as verapamil and diltiazem, are preferred agents to treat hypertension in those with diabetes who have proteinuria (strength of recommendation [SOR]: A, based on a systematic review). Diuretics are effective in treating hypertension in patients with diabetes who are at high risk for cardiovascular disease. One study suggests sustained-release indapamide (a diuretic) is effective as first-line treatment in hypertensive patients with diabetes and proteinuria (SOR: B, based on a randomized controlled trial [RCT]). Atenolol was as effective as the ACE inhibitor captopril in lowering the risk of diabetic microvascular and macrovascular complications, according to a substudy of the United Kingdom Prospective Diabetic Study (UKPDS) (SOR: B, based on RCT). | eng |
dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/10355/3291 | eng |
dc.language | English | eng |
dc.publisher | Family Physicians Inquiries Network | eng |
dc.relation.ispartofcollection | Clinical Inquiries, 2005 (MU) | eng |
dc.relation.ispartofcommunity | University of Missouri--Columbia. School of Medicine. Department of Family and Community Medicine. Family Physicians Inquiries Network | eng |
dc.relation.ispartofseries | Journal of family practice, 54, no. 08 (August 2005) | eng |
dc.rights | OpenAccess. | eng |
dc.rights.license | This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 License. | eng |
dc.subject | non-dihydropyridine calcium antagonists (NDCAs) | eng |
dc.subject | renal disease | eng |
dc.subject.lcsh | Hypertension | eng |
dc.subject.lcsh | Kidneys Diseases | eng |
dc.subject.lcsh | Proteinuria | eng |
dc.subject.lcsh | Diabetic nephropathies | eng |
dc.title | For those intolerant to ACE inhibitors and ARBs, what is the best therapy for reducing the risk of diabetic nephropathy? | eng |
dc.type | Article | eng |