Novel materials for capturing carbon dioxide at different temperatures
Abstract
[ACCESS RESTRICTED TO THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI AT REQUEST OF AUTHOR.] The primary goal of this research was to decrease the quantities of CO2 emission gases in the emission sources by absorption process using synthesized and modified solid sorbent materials that are readily available, inexpensive and chemically selective toward CO2. Calcium oxide (CaO) was one of these solid sorbents that have been investigated and synthesized for CO2 capture at high temperatures by a calcination method from calcium acetate as a precursor. Functionalized solid sorbents, with dopant (graphite nanoplates) aimed to increase surface area and pore volume, showed the highest capacity capture of (0.68 mg of CO2 / mg of sorbent) at 600[degrees]C and were fully regenerated at 850[degrees] C. Additionally, different percentages of dopants in the CaO were tested. The best distribution dopant in the calcite body was the CaO-20%nanoplates. The second solid sorbent that has been investigated for capturing CO2 at low temperatures was Jeffamine/silica solid sorbents. By incorporating different Jeffamines (polymers) into a support of different sized nanosilica, quasi-solid-state sorbents were synthesized. Different ratios of Jeffamines to nanosilica were investigated. The mass ratio 1:1 (w:w) T-403/14 nm silica had the highest CO2 uptake close to 70 mg of CO2 per gram of sorbent at 45[degrees]C and capable of fully ([about]90%) regenerated using simple vacuum swing. Kinetics study of the sorbent was also investigated, showed rapidly chemisorb CO2 in almost 2 min and can be regenerated easily in 10 min.
Degree
M.S.
Thesis Department
Rights
Access to files is limited to the University of Missouri--Columbia.