What is the evaluation and treatment strategy for Raynaud's phenomenon?

Abstract

Raynaud's phenomenon is diagnosed by history, which also plays a key role in distinguishing primary from secondary Raynaud's phenomenon (strength of recommendation [SOR]: C, based on expert opinion). The initial treatment includes conservative measures such as the use of gloves, cold avoidance, and rapid rewarming (SOR: C, based on expert opinion); in refractory cases, the vasodilatory agents nifedipine or prazosin alleviate symptoms (SOR: A for both, based on multiple randomized controlled trials).