What are the causes of elevated TSH in a newborn?

Abstract

Congenital hypothyroidism is a critical cause of elevated thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) in newborns; evaluate all neonates with an elevated TSH for congenital hypothyroidism (strength of recommendation [SOR]: A). Other causes of an elevated TSH include transient hypothyroidism due to neonatal illness, prematurity, iodine excess or deficiency, and maternal medication or maternal thyroid disease.