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    • 2014 Dissertations (MU)
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    Functional and structural modifications associated with hypertension, obesity and diabetes in the resistance vasculature

    Functional and structural modifications associated with hypertension, obesity and diabetes in the resistance vasculature

    Castorena-González, Jorge A.
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    Date
    2014
    Format
    Thesis
    Metadata
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    Abstract
    Cardiovascular diseases are considered the leading cause of death nowadays. Hypertension, obesity and type-2 diabetes are deemed major risk factors for the development of cardiovascular diseases. In essential hypertension, one of the most important structural changes is the inward remodeling of the resistance arteries. I found that the mechanical properties of inwardly remodeled cremasteric-arterioles from rats are affected. Furthermore, it is the F-actin components of the cytoskeleton the ones that are strongly modified. In old spontaneously hypertensive rats, my results showed that, resistance arteries undergo hypertrophic inward remodeling; and, adrenergicvasoconstriction and vasodilation pathways are impaired. In diet-induced-obesity, micemesenteric arterioles were observed to undergo remodeling of the extracellular matrix components. Obesity and type-2 diabetes have been associated with insulin resistance, endothelial dysfunction and arterial stiffening. Jejunal-submucosal arterioles from diabetic obese patients had a reduced vasorelaxation to insulin in comparison to obese non-diabetics, while acetylcholine-vasodilation was similar in both groups. Reduced amounts of the subunit-alpha of the insulin receptor and MMP-9 were found in diabetics as well. This suggests that, in type-2 diabetes, the presence of a blunted insulinvasodilation response is a form of endothelial dysfunction that is not correlated with the body-to-mass index, but whose mechanism may be related with the activity of MMPs.
    URI
    https://hdl.handle.net/10355/45733
    Degree
    Ph. D.
    Thesis Department
    Biological engineering (MU)
    Rights
    OpenAccess.
    This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 License.
    Collections
    • Biological Engineering electronic theses and dissertations - CAFNR (MU)
    • Biological Engineering electronic theses and dissertations - Engineering (MU)
    • 2014 MU dissertations - Freely available online

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