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Understanding delusions : the role of aberrant salience and self-relevant information processing
(University of Missouri--Columbia, 2012)
The current dissertation contains six studies that examine the roles of aberrant salience and self-relevant information processing in the development and maintenance of psychotic and psychotic-like experiences. Aberrant ...
Personality and reproductive success in the Ache (Paraguay) : implications for the evolution of human individual differences
(University of Missouri--Columbia, 2012)
This study tested alternative evolutionary mechanisms regarding the maintenance of heritable variation in human personality by examining the relations between personality and reproductive success (RS) in two villages in a ...
Rumination in depression : an opportunity to increase positive affect?
(University of Missouri--Columbia, 2012)
[ACCESS RESTRICTED TO THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI AT REQUEST OF AUTHOR.] Much of the literature on depressed mood has emphasized the strong relationship between rumination, or excessive and repetitive thinking about negative ...
Examining the comorbidity of boderline personality disorder and posttraumatic stress disorder in a community sample
(University of Missouri--Columbia, 2012)
Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), both relatively prevalent disorders in our society, overlap and/or co-occur in ways that are not yet well understood, especially outside of ...
The differential effects of presentation rate and retention interval on memory for items and associations in younger adults : a simulation of an age-related associative deficit
(University of Missouri--Columbia, 2012)
Older adults show an associative deficit in episodic memory compared to younger adults. Previous research suggests two underlying brain areas, the frontal lobe (FL) and the medial temporal--hippocampal area (MTL/H), as ...
If you've got it, flaunt it : humans flaunt attractive partners for status and desirability
(University of Missouri--Columbia, 2012)
Mate choices that are influenced by the mating decisions of peers, i.e., nonindependent choice, occur in many species including humans. Recent research on humans has shown that women are more attracted to men with attractive ...
The effects of dopamine and salience manipulations on magical thinking
(University of Missouri--Columbia, 2012)
Although delusional and magical thinking is associated with both increased dopamine and aberrant salience, it is unknown whether dopamine manipulations cause increased magical thinking on non-clinical measures or whether ...
The role of reduced working memory resources in the associative deficit of older adults
(University of Missouri--Columbia, 2012)
Previous research indicates that older adults show problems with remembering associations compared to young adults, yet they remember single pieces of information about as well as young adults do (see Naveh-Benjamin, 2000). ...
Classification problems in growth mixture modeling
(University of Missouri--Columbia, 2012)
[ACCESS RESTRICTED TO THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI AT AUTHOR'S REQUEST.] Growth mixture modeling can be used for two purposes: 1) to identify mixtures of normal sub-groups, and 2) to approximate oddly shaped distributions ...
The origin of working memory deficits in Parkinson's disease
(University of Missouri--Columbia, 2012)
Two experiments were conducted to examine the mechanisms underlying deficits of visual working memory in Parkinson's disease (PD). One study combined behavioral methods with event-related potentials (ERPs), the other, ...
Effects of a metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 positive allosteric modulator, CDPPB, on spatial learning in rodents
(University of Missouri--Columbia, 2012)
Metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGlu5) has been implicated in a variety of learning processes and is important for aversive learning tasks. The present studies used an mGlu5 receptor positive allosteric modulator, ...
Positive affect, intuitive processing, and visual encoding
(University of Missouri--Columbia, 2012)
The effects of positive affect (PA) on cognitive outcomes have been studied extensively. These effects map on squarely to a Cognitive-Experiential Self Theory (CEST) framework (Epstein, 1991; 1994). One component of CEST ...
Influence of conditioned compensatory response on drinking and driving decision making
(University of Missouri--Columbia, 2012)
Perceived intoxication is a strong determinant of one's willingness to drive after drinking alcohol. When contextual cues are conditioned with the administration of alcohol, a compensatory response is elicited that decreases ...
Emotional modulation by food rewards : blink and pinna-flexion reflex amplitude while anticipating and viewing images of food
(University of Missouri--Columbia, 2012)
[ACCESS RESTRICTED TO THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI AT AUTHOR'S REQUEST.] Understanding individual differences in approaching and avoiding food cues is necessary given the rise of disorders of eating (i.e. obesity, anorexia, ...
Alcohol cues, approach bias, and inhibitory control : applying a dual process model to alcohol sensitivity
(University of Missouri--Columbia, 2012)
[ACCESS RESTRICTED TO THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI AT REQUEST OF AUTHOR.] Low sensitivity to the acute effects of alcohol, or needing a relatively large amount to feel alcohol's effects, is a risk factor for developing AUDs ...
Evaluating the long-term impact of youth interventions on antisocial behavior : an integrative review and analysis
(University of Missouri--Columbia, 2012)
Youth antisocial behavior exacts a tremendous toll on society and often persists into adulthood. Although researchers have identified a number of interventions that prevent or reduce youth antisocial behavior in the short ...
Understanding the relationship between goal maintenance and disorganized speech
(University of Missouri--Columbia, 2012)
Disorganized speech in people with schizophrenia is associated with cognitive control deficits, but the specific nature of the relationship remains unclear. The current research examined whether one specific aspect of ...
Differentiating a chunk from a group : the role of verbal rehearsal in creating a hierarchical list structure
(University of Missouri--Columbia, 2012)
[ACCESS RESTRICTED TO THE UNIVERSITY OF MISSOURI AT AUTHOR'S REQUEST.] Working memory, the small amount of information that can be temporarily held in mind, can be boosted through the use of mnemonic processes. The purpose ...
Cost-benefit analysis of multisystemic therapy for serious and violent juvenile offenders and their siblings
(University of Missouri--Columbia, 2012)
This study investigated the economic benefits of an intensive family-based treatment (multisystemic therapy, MST) versus individual therapy (IT) using arrest data from 25-year follow-ups of referred serious and violent ...
Effects on sibship size and composition on younger brothers' and sisters' alcohol use initiation : findings from an Australian twin sample
(University of Missouri--Columbia, 2012)
The effects of sibship size and structure on delinquency are well established, but despite strong links between delinquency and alcohol use, the contribution of these factors to drinking behaviors remains largely unexplored. ...