dc.description.abstract | Physiological data, such as respiration and electrodermal
activity, can reveal significant details about a person’s thought
process. These measures can be used in conjunction with a
series of questions to evaluate credibility as in a lie detector test
(Honts, 1994). Electrical conductance under the skin, referred to
as electrodermal activity (EDA), occurs because of sympathetic
neuronal activity, and is sensitive to changes in autonomic
sympathetic arousal (i.e. – an underlying mechanism of the “fight or
flight” response) (Critchley, 2002). Sweat glands contain the “fight
or flight” hormone which is called cortisol. This hormone becomes
innervated by the sympathetic neuronal activity, and can be a good
indicator of a person’s automatic response. Since cortisol carries
a weak electrical charge, this response is measured by recording
micro-fluctuations of cortisol from the skin’s surface. Generally,
EDA responses, or skin conductance responses (SCRs), measure
arousal and have been used to look at the role of information
processing, attention, emotion and even abnormal behavior on
responding to a single controlled stimulus (Dawson, Schell &
Filion, 2000). In other words, besides questions that may or may
not be responded to truthfully, responses can be matched with
stimuli, like a picture, word, or sound, to analyze correlations in
shifting patterns of arousal, like in the case of studying emotional
impact. One study looked at SCRs of participants who engaged
in an attentional task involving positive, negative, and neutral
stimuli, and found that for anxious and avoidant groups of people, negative pictures elicited larger SCRs (Silva, Ferreira, Soares & Esteves, 2015). The more arousal associated with a stimuli, the more changes in skin conductance. | eng |