dc.contributor.advisor | Venkitachalam, Lakshmi | |
dc.contributor.author | Kriz, Carrie | |
dc.date.issued | 2018 | |
dc.date.submitted | 2018 Spring | |
dc.description | Title from PDF of title page viewed June 14, 2019 | |
dc.description | Thesis advisor: Lakshmi Venkitachalam | |
dc.description | Vita | |
dc.description | Includes bibliographical references (pages 24-27) | |
dc.description | Thesis (M.S.)-School of Medicine. University of Missouri--Kansas City, 2018 | |
dc.description.abstract | Studies examining variability in generic medication pricing at community
pharmacies have revealed conflicting results. No studies have examined variability in
costs of antipsychotic medications or if these costs vary across types of pharmacies.
Specifically, comparative drug pricing for generic formulations of five commonly used
second-generation antipsychotic medications (risperidone, olanzapine, quetiapine,
ziprasidone, and aripiprazole) recommended for first line therapy in the treatment for
schizophrenia is lacking.
Pharmacy-level variability in retail cash pricing for five generically available
second-generation and one first-generation antipsychotic medications at therapeutic
doses for the treatment of schizophrenia in the Kansas City metropolitan area was
examined. Two hundred and sixty-five pharmacies were queried by telephone between
April 25 and May 25, 2017 for the cash price of a 30-day supply of haloperidol 10
milligrams (30 tablets), risperidone 4mg (30 tablets), olanzapine 20mg (30 tablets),
quetiapine 300mg (60 tablets), ziprasidone 80mg (60 tablets), and aripiprazole 20mg (30
tablets). Each pharmacy was then classified as being either a chain (n=182), grocery
store (n= 53), or independent pharmacy (n= 30).
Retail cash prices varied for all antipsychotic medications, with significant
differences in price by pharmacy type. Price variation across all pharmacy types for a 30
day supply was the least for haloperidol (range $20.00 - $102.99) and the greatest for
aripiprazole (range $29.99 - $1,345.00). Pairwise comparisons showed chain pharmacies
had higher prices compared with independent pharmacies (p <.001) for all drugs except
haloperidol (p =.49). Overall, chain pharmacies had the highest prices, with prices at
grocery store pharmacies averaging $180.00 lower than chain and independent
pharmacies $414.00 lower than chain pharmacies.
This is the first report on the pharmacy-level variability in the costs of generic
antipsychotic treatment options for schizophrenia. There are appreciable differences in
the costs of antipsychotic medications and understanding variability in pricing for these
medications may be valuable for providers serving uninsured patients. Further analyses
will examine the contribution of geographic-level socio-demographic factors to these
differences. | eng |
dc.description.tableofcontents | Introduction -- Review of literature -- Methodology -- Results -- Discussion | |
dc.format.extent | viii, 28 pages | |
dc.identifier.uri | https://hdl.handle.net/10355/68866 | |
dc.publisher | University of Missouri -- Kansas City | eng |
dc.subject.lcsh | Generic drugs -- Costs -- Kansas City Metropolitan Area | |
dc.subject.lcsh | Antipsychotic drugs -- Costs -- Kansas City Metropolitan Area | |
dc.subject.lcsh | Schizophrenia | |
dc.subject.mesh | Schizophrenia -- drug therapy | |
dc.subject.mesh | Drugs, Generic | |
dc.subject.mesh | Antipsychotic Agents | |
dc.subject.mesh | Pharmaceutical Preparations -- economics | |
dc.subject.other | Thesis -- University of Missouri--Kansas City -- Medicine | |
dc.title | Variability in Pricing of Generic Antipsychotic Medications Used in the Treatment of Schizophrenia at Community Pharmacies in the Kansas City Metropolitan Area | eng |
dc.type | Thesis | eng |
thesis.degree.discipline | Bioinformatics (UMKC) | |
thesis.degree.grantor | University of Missouri--Kansas City | |
thesis.degree.level | Masters | |
thesis.degree.name | M.S. (Master of Science) | |