Implementation of Solution and Solid Sate Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR) Spectroscopic Techniques for Quantitative and Qualitative Analysis of Molecular Species
Abstract
In this dissertation, spectroscopy has been used to solve a variety of problems in different
domains of science. Therefore, each chapter consists of different examples that have been
addressed using different concepts of spectroscopy.
The objective of part I (application of solution state NMR spectroscopy in pharmaceutical
sciences) is to apply NMR techniques in different pharmaceutical projects. In chapter3, a real-time
quantification of in vitro Bortezomib (BTZ) release from alginate microparticles using a solution
state quantitative boron nuclear magnetic resonance (11B qNMR) method is presented. The method
was validated according to International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) guidelines.
Therefore, several analytical performance parameters were discussed such as limit of detection
(LOD), limit of quantification (LOQ), linearity, specificity, accuracy, precision and robustness.
The 11B qNMR method was applied to the in vitro release study of a model drug, bortezomib
(BTZ) from alginate microparticles and results were compared to a commonly used dialysis
method. Throughout the release study, the dialysis method consistently underestimated the level
of drug released, probably due to the separating membrane that can interfere with the real-time
drug transport process. Overall, compared to the dialysis method, the direct 11B qNMR method
was accurate and provided a direct and real-time quantification of BTZ for an effective study of
drug release kinetics.
Similarly, in chapter 4, a 19F qNMR method was developed and validated and then applied
to study the real-time release of maraviroc from a microparticle formulation in a vaginal and
seminal stimulated environment. Different possibilities were discussed to control the release
profile such as the crosslinking process and a pH sensitive polymer.
In chapter 5, the project is a collaborative effort between the department of Chemistry and
School of Pharmacy. Our contributions in that project are to utilize 11B NMR spectroscopy
technique as a characterization tool for the reaction progression. Moreover, to perform theoretical
and experimental calculations and compare them to each other in order to trace the reaction
mechanism. The overall motivation of the project is to test an assumption about phenylboronic
acid (PBA) to prevent HIV transmission. It has been found that phenylboronic acid can form
boronic acid in the presence of cis-diol, like the one found in HIV-gp120 glycoproteins. In order
to exam the proposed hypothesis, a derivative of phenylboronic acid was synthesized. The
synthetic scheme and the spectroscopic results are presented and discussed in detail.
The objective of part II (applications of solid-state NMR spectroscopy) is to apply SSNMR
spectroscopy experiments in two projects to gain significant information about specific materials.
In chapter 6, some main concepts of SSNMR spectroscopy are discussed as well as some basic
SSNMR experiments.
In chapter 7, boron carbide thin films were grown using plasma enhanced chemical vapor
deposition (PECVD) under different growth conditions. Different possible spectroscopic
techniques were discussed in order to discover the local physical structure of boron carbide thin
films. However, most of these techniques have shown a lack of an ability to demonstrate the
internal structure of thin films. SSNMR spectroscopy was successfully employed to reveal
information about the internal structure of boron carbide thin films.
In chapter 8, the optical properties of titanium oxide TiO2 were modified by introducing a
hydrazine molecule. SSNMR spectroscopy was implemented to monitor the reaction progression
of TiO2 to improve its optical properties.
Table of Contents
Introduction -- Applications of soultion state NMR spectroscopy in pharmaceutical sciences -- Applications of solid-state NMR spectroscopy
Degree
Ph.D. (Doctor of Philosophy)