Oral Disease Bacterium Linked to Alzheimer’s disease

Abstract

This review proposes an association between the bacteria found in periodontal disease and the development of neural plaque contributing to Alzheimer’s disease. Periodontitis is a chronic gum disease that destroys gingiva and jawbone. Many different species of bacteria are found in periodontitis such as Porphyromonas gingivalis, an anaerobic gram-negative bacterium. Recent studies have shown P. gingivalis is capable of entering the bloodstream and affecting both the brain and organ systems within a human host. In this review, I will delve into the anatomy of the human mouth, explain the cause and effects of both periodontal and Alzheimer’s diseases, and attempt to explicate the relationship between periodontitis and Alzheimer’s disease. I suggest a direct correlation between the bacteria present in periodontitis and the human brain impacted by Alzheimer’s disease. In support of my hypothesis, I reference peer reviewed works and a published study detecting P. gingival in the cortex region of the brain. Additionally, in this paper, I hope to provide a clear correlation between the progression of gum disease and the onset of Alzheimer’s disease. The proposed link between P. gingival and Alzheimer’s disease suggest a new avenue of preventative treatment along with signs of early diagnosis.