Clinical Inquiries, 2021

 

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Recent Submissions

  • Q Which injections are effective for lateral epicondylitis? 

    Vukelic, Brian; Abbey, Rebecca; Knox, Jordan; Migdalski, Alyssa (2021-11)
    Evidence-based answer: placebo injections actually improve lateral epicondylitis at high rates. No other injections convincingly improve it better than placebo. Corticosteroid injection is not superior to saline or anesthetic ...

  • Q Does inadequate sleep increase obesity risk in children? 

    Herzog, Daniela; Thai, Kristin; Neher, Jon O.; Auten, Beth (2021-12)
    Evidence-based answer: Yes, a link has been established but not a cause-effect relationship. Shorter reported sleep duration in childhood is associated with an increased risk of overweight or obesity years later (strength ...

  • Q Is exercise therapy effective treatment for low back pain? 

    Broszko, Christine; Golden, Krystyna; Holmes, Cody R.; Fulleborn, Stephanie; Biglow, Carolyn (2021-11)
    Evidence-based answer: Yes, it is somewhat effective. Exercise therapy—including general exercise, yoga, Pilates, and motor control exercise—has been shown to modestly decrease pain in chronic low back pain (LBP); levels ...

  • Q Do carotid artery calcifications seen on radiographs predict stenosis in asymptomatic adults? 

    Cowdrey, Diana; Hanh, Thomas; Vellardita, Lia (Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2021-09)
    Evidence-based answer: not very well. In asymptomatic patients, carotid artery calcification seen on radiograph has a positive predictive value of 70% and a negative predictive value of 75% for carotid artery stenosis ...

  • Q: Can family physicians accurately screen for AAA with point-of-care ultrasound? 

    Cade, Nathan; Granath, Brad; Nehr, Jon O.; Sarfranek, Sarah (Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 7/8/2021)
    Evidence-based answer: LIKELY YES. Point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) screening for abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) by nonradiologist physicians is 98% sensitive and 99% specific, compared with imaging performed by radiologists ...

  • Q: Is event-driven PrEP dosing for HIV as effective as daily dosing? 

    Olsen, Tory; Lally-Montgomery, Zachary; Kelsberg, Gary; Safranek, Sarah (Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2021-06)
    Evidence based answer: PROBABLY, although there are no head-to-head trials comparing the 2 dosing regimens. Event-driven pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) dosing reduces HIV conversion by 86% compared to placebo (strength ...

  • Q: Is NPH associated with fewer adverse events than analog basal insulin for adults with T2D? 

    Lyon, Corey; Iruku, Swetha; Hoss, Molly; DeSanto, Kristen (Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2021-05)
    Evidence based answer: NO. Insulin glargine may lead to less patient-reported, symptomatic, and nocturnal hypoglycemia, although overall, there may not be a difference in the risk for severe hypoglycemia or hypoglycemia-related ...

  • Q: Is ketamine effective and safe for treatment-resistant depression? 

    Zorn, Amanda; Linn, Sean; Jenkinson, Mat; Neher, Jon O.; Safranek, Sarah (Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2021-04)
    Evidence-based answer: Maybe, but it’s too soon to tell. There is limited evidence that ketamine by itself is effective in the very short term. Single-dose intravenous (IV) ketamine is more likely than placebo (odds ratio ...

  • Which detoxification regimens are effective for alcohol withdrawal syndrome? 

    Caspar, Rachel; Fortenberry, Katherine; Leiser, Jennifer; Ose, Dominik; Nashelsky, Joan (Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2021)
    Q: Which detoxification regimens are effective for alcohol withdrawal syndrom? Evidence based answer: Benzodiazepines remain the first-line regimen for alcohol withdrawal syndrome (AWS) and are the only class more effective ...

  • Is metformin effective for reducing weight in obese or overweight adolescents? 

    Anderson, Kirsten; Kelsberg, Gary; Safranek, Sarah (Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2021)
    Q: Is metformin effective for reducing weight in obese or overweight adolescents? Evidence based answer: Yes, to some degree—but it is of uncertain clinical significance. Over a period of 6 months, metformin modestly reduced ...

  • Is the incidence of depressive disorders increased following cerebral concussion? 

    Deck, Jason W.; Kern, Thomas; Cavanagh, LaMont; Bartow, Matthew; Perkins, Franklin T., III (Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2021)
    Q: Is the incidence of depressive disorders increased following cerebral concussion? Evidence-based answer: yes, in some populations. Youth and adolescents with self-reported history of concussion had increased risk of ...

  • Testosterone replacement and improved memory 

    Lyon, Corey; Wong, Alicia; DeSanto, Kristen (Family Physicians Inquiries Network, 2021)
    Clinical Inquires question: Does testosterone replacement improve cognition in memory-impaired older men with low testosterone? Evidence-based answer: Testosterone therapy does not appear to improve cognition in older men ...