AgBioForum, vol. 23, no.2 (2021)
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Item Determinants of persistence poverty : case of agricultural households in Thailand(University of Missouri, College of Agriculture, Food and Natural Resources, 2021) S, Mattayaphutron; N, MahamatThe poverty incidence of households in Thailand is an enduring problem with efforts to resolve this issue culminating in the first edition of the national economic and social development plan. At present, the poverty rate at the household level in the country has decreased since 2000-2013, but the agricultural sector remains uniquely problematic. In 2011, the proportion of poor households in agriculture reached 21.56 percent, more than 281,000 households. Therefore, this study aims to identify factors that determine the extent to which agricultural households are experiencing poverty by using Logistic Regression Analysis while using data form Household Socio-Economic Survey conducted by NSO for the year 2013. The study found that agricultural households mostly have men as head of household. Most of them are between 51-60 years of age and have only received formal education till the primary level. There are 3-4 members per household and there are 1-2 people that do not work in rice cultivation as their main job. The factors that affect the chances of poverty for agricultural households depend on the dependency ratio and they are many members are working in the agricultural sector that makes agricultural households are a chance of experiencing increasing poverty. The level of education of the household head can help to reduce the chances of poverty, that is, at least a Diploma and/or Bachelor Degree. Therefore, when establishing guidelines to tackle the poverty of agricultural households in Thailand, the government should increase educational for to members in agricultural households and support agricultural training for technical knowledge to the head of household in order to enhance agricultural production.Item Role of agricultural Extension services and a new ecological paradigm in determinants of perceived crop yield and pro-environmental social norms(University of Missouri, College of Agriculture, Food and Natural Resources, 2021) Shibli, Rida; Saifan, Sobhia; Ab Yajid, Mohd Shukri; Ariffin, I.A.; Khatibi, AliIn this research, the aims of the research are included to find out the impact of ecological paradigm and agricultural extension services on both perceived crop production and pro environmental social norms. Furthermore, the researcher considered a significant mediator "personal norm", in the relationship among ecological paradigm, perceived drop production and pro environmental social norms. And this mediator is also considered in the relationship among agricultural extension services, perceived crop production and pro environmental social norms. The adopted research design involves Quantitative research method, deductive research approach, cross sectional time horizon and positivist research philosophy. The research population is the agricultural industry of Malaysia, out of which the target sample is taken out by the researcher with the help of purposive sampling technique. The researcher has collected the data with the help of self-administered questionnaire-based survey from 320 participants of the Malaysian agricultural industry. The collected data is screened, and 305 valid responses are analyzed with the help of Microsoft Excel and SPSS. The results of the study proposed that the impacts of ecological paradigm and agricultural extension services are positive and significant on both perceived crop production and pro environmental social norms. Furthermore, the mediating impact of personal norms has been found to be significant both in the case of ecological paradigm and perceived crop production and pro environmental social norms and ecological paradigm. Moreover, the impact of personal norms as a mediator is significant in the case of both agricultural extension services and perceived crop production and agricultural extension services and pro environmental social norms. The study significantly focuses on pro environmental social norms, which adds to the novelty and innovation as well, moreover, considering ecological paradigm along with personal norms is also a significant and novel factor of this study.Item Time series analysis to enhancing net revenue of farming in Malaysia through agriculture Extension and risk aversion(University of Missouri, College of Agriculture, Food and Natural Resources, 2021) Saifan, Sobhia; Shibli, Rida; Ab Yajid, Mohd Shukri; Hamid, Junainah Abd; Ferdous Azam, S.M.Farming and agricultural industry is prone to risk due to factors that are beyond the control of farmers like weather, and this can lead to adversely affecting the farm income. Because the farmers are found to be risk-averse, it is essential to focus on the impact that it can create on the net income of the farm. Another, facet of the agricultural industry and revenue is the exposure and access to extension services. Extension services assist the farmers through educational processes and work through the improvement in the farming procedures and practices. These services and practices can lead to substantiating the net revenue of the farms through adoption of profitable practices. Thus, the focus of the present study is on evaluating the impact of risk aversion and agricultural extension on the net revenue of farms in Malaysia. The study adopts a time series approach and adapts the dynamic time series model for studying the associations among the variables in the long and short run. The study found evidence of cointegration and lack of stochastic issues in the data. The results from the estimation indicated that agricultural extension leads to improved net revenue for the farms. However, risk aversion pertains detrimental effects to the profitability and revenue of the farming households. The study has important implications and policy recommendations.Item Social capital, agriculture Extension services and access of resources toward innovation adoption in household farming in Malaysia(University of Missouri, College of Agriculture, Food and Natural Resources, 2021) Shibli, Rida; Saifan, Sobhia; Ab Yajid, Mohd Shukri; Khatibi, Ali; Ferdous Azam, S.M.The objectives of the researcher were to find out the impacts of social capital, extension services and access of resources on innovation adoption in household farming, for which, a major mediating impact of human capital has been considered as well. The target population of the researcher was a subsector of the agricultural sector in Malaysia, which is household farming sector. The researcher performed detailed review of literature and then adopted research design for this study having quantitative research method, positivist research philosophy, deductive research approach and cross-sectional time horizon. Moreover, from the target population, a sample of 330 individuals is selected based on purposive sampling technique. The researcher has collected the data with the help of self-administered questionnaire-based survey and 323 valid responses have been obtained by the researcher. The collected data is arranged and analyzed with the help of Microsoft excel and SPSS software, with the application of confirmatory factor analysis and regression analysis. The results propose significant impacts of extension services and access of resources on innovation adoption in household farming, and the human capital significantly mediates the relationship present among social capital, extension services, excessive resources, and innovation adoption in household farming as well. However, the impact of social capital on innovation adoption in household farming has been found to be insignificant. The study is significant for considering a subsector in the agricultural sector of Malaysia, and it is also significant and novel for considering diversified factors while analyzing the innovation adoption in household farming.Item Agriculture technology adoption in Malaysia : the Extension service's role, rural financing, and the lender's institutional context(University of Missouri, College of Agriculture, Food and Natural Resources, 2021) Saifan, Sobhia; Shibli, Rida; Hamid, Junainah Abd; Ariffin, I.A.; Tham, JacqulineThere has been an increase on the incorporation of technology in the agricultural industry. The present research addresses the effect of the extension services, institutional lender context and rural financing in Malaysia and the degree to which these practices influence the agricultural technological adoption within the country. The country has been promoting microfinance institutions and education in agriculture to support the agricultural development as major revenue is driven from the industry. Thus, the present study was developed to study the relationship between the extension services, institutional lender context and rural financing and agricultural technological adoption in Malaysia. The present study used the novel approach of the ARDL to study the long run and short run relationships between the extension services, institutional lender context and rural financing and agricultural technological adoption of Malaysia. The data for the last 3 decades was used to study the variation and association between the research variables. The ARDL bounds test informed of significant cointegration among the research variables. The estimation indicated that there are direct associations between the extension services, institutional lender context and rural financing and ATA both in the long and short run. The extension services, institutional lender context and rural financing in Malaysia represent significant affluence over the dependency for the adoption for technological advancements in the agricultural industry. This study presents a new vision for Malaysia to develop its agricultural and economic policies.
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