1920-1929 Theses (MU)
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Item The effect of different percentages of butterfat on the physical properties of ice cream(University of Missouri., 1922) Nelson, Daniel Horace"Ice cream has long been a favorite frozen product served for desserts and delicacies. Many years ago the nobles used frozen delicacies at banquets and important feasts. The French were always very fond of frozen dishes but in those days, the early infancy of the present ice cream industry, there was no means of obtaining the much desired delicacies except by the use of natural ice in those seasons of the year when natural ice was available. They had no means of storing ice or of producing artificial cold. For these reasons ice cream was for several centuries considered as a luxury to be had only at the time of festivals or on holidays. As civilization progressed, with the development of this country and with the invention of the first refrigeration machines, it was possible not only to store natural ice thru the summer months but also to produce an artificial cold. It was then possible to manufacture frozen dishes thruout the year. The consumption of ice cream soon began to increase rapidly. As science has advanced, the food value of milk and other dairy products has been made known thruout the civilized world. This has resulted in a keen appreciation of the food value of ice cream and has brought about a marked increase in the demand for the different classes of this frozen product. A rapid development of the ice cream industry has resulted until the manufacture of ice cream has now become one of the most important industries. Its rapid progress during the past decade excels that of butter and cheese. Leading authorities have criticized the ice cream industry for the absence of definite standards pertaining to the methods employed in its manufacture and for the lack of uniformity in composition of the frozen product. The progress attained has been difficult to appreciate. The inability of the manufacturers of ice cream to arrive at definite standards has been partially due to the perishability of ice cream and to the varying standards enacted by the different states. An analysis of these state laws defining the fat and total milk solids required in commercial ice cream clearly indicates that these defects will remain until a Federal ruling definitely specifies the fat and total milk solids to be contained in ice cream. A more important reason for the absence of a defnite standard and the lack of a uniform product is that the manufacturer does not possess a practical knowledge of the factors involved, which are of vital importance in the process of manufacturing ice cream. Considerable attention has been given to the experimental study of various phases of the ice cream industry. The work completed by various investigators has, however, dealt largely with the factors affecting the yield of ice cream, pasteurization and emulsifying of mixtures, and with bacteriological analysis of the mixture and of the frozen ice cream, special attention having been given to the types of bacteria that were able to survive when exposed to low temperatures for periods of time varying from one to seventy-two days. These studies have not resulted in conclusive evidence of a character that would tend to materially assist the ice cream manufacturer in standardizing his methods. The need for such uniformity prompted this investigation. During the year of 1919 The Missouri Experiment Station outline a project entitled "The Effect of Each Ingredient in the Manufacture of Ice Cream". The primary object of this investigation was to give to the manufacturer of commercial ice cream information that would prove of value to him in standardizing his methods. The experimental work here submitted is a part of this project, but is limited to a study of the effect of different percentages of butterfat upon the physical properties of commercial ice cream. It will be noted that the apparatus designed and used in this investigation compares favorably with the type of equipment utilized under commercial conditions. This was considered of importance in making the results of the investigation directly applicable to commercial conditions."--Introduction.Item Place names in the central counties of Missouri(University of Missouri--Columbia, 1928) Pace, Nadine; Ramsay, Robert L. (Robert Lee), 1880-1953This study is an attempt to determine, while the sources are yet available, the origin of the. names of the towns, streams, country schools, and townships of the following central counties of Missouri: Boone, Callaway, Cole, Cooper, Howard, Moniteau, and Saline; to record the circumstances under which the names were given; and to note the subsequent history of the names. These counties belong to the group that Dr. Raymond Weeks describes as those counties that “lie strung along the Missouri River like a string of sausages.” Although these counties are not the same topogTaphically they were settled, for the most part, by the same kind of people and are therefore a homogeneous group. The counties of Howard, Cooper, Boone, and the southern half of Callaway comprise the original "Boone's Lick" country. However, the tendency, in the early days, was to think of the “Boone's Lick” country as containing the territory lying between the district of St. Charles, perhaps west of the Gasconade River, and Independence. The term was used in a very broad sense. In the present study the term "Boone's Lick” will include only the seven counties mentioned. --Page1.Item The Cid in history and fiction(University of Missouri--Columbia, 1923) Ricks, Melvin ByronAntonio de Trueba has remarked that the adventures of the Cid have been increasing in magnitude, as century after century rolls by, in much the same manner in which the bulk of a snowball is augmented a s it tumbles down the slope of a hill. So greatly does the Cid of tradition differ from the Cid of reality that the very name of this Spanish national hero has come to be associated much less with the idea of a flesh-and-blood warrior of the eleventh century than it is with a purely abstract conception of virtue and patriotism. That is to say, the Cid is more symbolic than human; his name is to the Spaniard what patriay libertad is to the Cuban; his character is the embodiment of Spanish ideals of courageous loyalty to one's country, and serves as a perfect model which the patriotic Spanish youth is expected to imitate. It is obvious that man in the concrete can never have approached this almost divine state of perfection; this model Cid is the product of poets, troubadours, and indulgent historians, all of whom were ambitious to cast the maximum amount of glory about their national hero. Regarding the sub...--Introduction.Item Continental influences on the English prayer book, 1549-1552(University of Missouri--Columbia, 1926) Bothe, Edna Emilie"Continental influence on the English Reformation and on the Book of Common Prayer is often under-estimated. The facts which have been given indicate that it is a factor which ought not to be over-looked or passed over hurriedly in the study of the English Reformation. In its early stages the English Reformation was directed into certain channels of thought by the teachings of the English Humanists who had received their ideas and inspiration from the Humanistic teachers of the Continent. Erasmus, More, and Colet, by teaching an appreciation of freedom of thought in religion and of a search for the truth, prepared the way for religious reform. When the Reformation on the Continent began England was prepared to follow in the path of the religious reformers of the Continent..."--Conclusion.Item The moods of the elegy in Greek, Latin and English poetry(University of Missouri--Columbia, 1925) Johnson, Ida Judith"If elegy be defined as a song of mourning, an attempt to trace fits history would be a difficult task and perhaps an man must have voiced arrow for the dead. In fact, there is no ancient literature free from some form of the dirge and the lament. The subject of this study, however, is not the sorrow-songs of all mankind, but the elegy, named and developed by the Greeks, given its own vehicle--the elegiac distich, broadened to cover many moods, taken over for the sensuous love-plaints of Rome, made teacher and preacher by the scholars of the Middle Ages, and reincarnate in modern English poetry; reincarnate, one may say, since the old name, elegy, with the old connotation, a song of mourning, has a definite place in our great literature."-Page 1