2014 UMKC Theses - Freely Available Online
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Item Pieter Bruegel The Elder’s The Months: A Perspective(2014) Erker, Nicholas R.; Dunbar, Burton L. (Burton Lewis); Art and Art HistoryIn the year 1565, Antwerp merchant Nicolaes Jongelinck commissioned Pieter Bruegel the Elder to paint a series of paintings, The Months, for his suburban villa. Unfortunately, Jongelinck lost possession of the series of paintings and the works were passed from collection to collection. In passing from owner to owner, the collection changed in size causing the original number of paintings in the series to be a debated topic. There are those who believe that there were originally twelve paintings in the series while others argue that there were only six. In either case, today, there are only five from the original series that remain. In examining prototypical work depicting the labors of the months, contemporaries of Bruegel, and the works of his children and other artists who followed after Bruegel, certain themes can be found consistently in the representations of the labors of the months. These themes help reveal that there were likely twelve paintings in the original series. Further examination into these other works also provides possible ideas as to what the missing paintings would have looked like.Item Photosensitivity and Magnetosensitivity of The Drosophila Circadian Clock(2014) Samassekou, Hassana; Zhu, Da-Ming, 1957-The experiments in this thesis addressed whether magnetic fields can enhance entrainment (phase determination) of the circadian clock by light. The experiments were conducted using a species of small fruit flies, Drosophila melanogaster. A solenoid was built in order to create the magnetic field.A magnetic field was produced inside a wire coil by passing an electric current through the coil, with the strength of the field proportional to the current. Light pulses were produced by a monochromator in the incubator, while the programmable timer within the constant temperature incubator was used to produce12 hr.: 12 hr. light:dark (LD) cycles or constant illumination with blue light (LL).The effects of these treatments on Drosophila locomotor activity rhythms were measured in activity monitors. For the first part of the study, magnetic field pulses of 4.5mT (160-fold increase of the earth’s magnetic field) delivered together with blue light pulses at ZT15 produced an enhanced phase delay in subsequent circadian locomotor behavior in constant darkness, compared with the effect of light alone or magnetic fields alone. The effect was saturable and was observed within blue wavelength range (450nm±0.003nm) but not at red wavelengths (700nm±0.013nm). The second part of the study showed that 12hr:12hr cycles of magnetic field strength (oscillating between earth’s magnetic field and 160 times earth’s magnetic field) could drive 24hr cycles of locomotor activity in LL but had no effect on circadian phase of locomotor activity in constant darkness. The effect in constant light did not require the normal CRY photoreceptor protein because it was still observed in cryᵇ mutant flies, which remained rhythmic in LL and magnetism with the phase of the magnetic field rather than that of the previous LD cycle. The results demonstrate that a strong magnetic field can entrain the circadian clock in a light-dependent but CRY-independent manner.Item Pieter Bruegel the Elder’s The Months: A Perspective(2015) Erker, Nicholas Ryan; Dunbar, Burton L. (Burton Lewis); Art and Art HistoryIn the year 1565, Antwerp merchant Nicolaes Jongelinck commissioned Pieter Bruegel the Elder to paint a series of paintings, The Months, for his suburban villa. Unfortunately, Jongelinck lost possession of the series of paintings and the works were passed from collection to collection. In passing from owner to owner, the collection changed in size causing the original number of paintings in the series to be a debated topic. There are those who believe that there were originally twelve paintings in the series while others argue that there were only six. In either case, today, there are only five from the original series that remain. In examining prototypical work depicting the labors of the months, contemporaries of Bruegel, and the works of his children and other artists who followed after Bruegel, certain themes can be found consistently in the representations of the labors of the months. These themes help reveal that there were likely twelve paintings in the original series. Further examination into these other works also provides possible ideas as to what the missing paintings would have looked like.Item The yield strength of molybdenum under pressure and temperature(2015-06-02) Brenner, Reid; Kruger, Michael B. (Michael Brian)Knowledge of the elastic properties of materials under high pressures and temperatures is important in planetary science as well as giving a more comprehensive understanding of material properties in general. Molybdenum was subjected to pressures of 20 GPa and temperatures of 423 K. In situ measurements of the pressure variation across molybdenum were combined with interference measurements of the gasket thickness under ambient conditions. This allowed for the determination of the yield strength of molybdenum under extreme conditions. The results indicate that molybdenum’s yield strength increases from 0 GPa to 20 GPa and decreases from 293 K to 423 K.Item Intraoral Corrosion of Self-ligating Metallic Brackets and Archwires and the Effect on Friction(2014) Tima, Lori Lynn; Nickel, Jeffrey C. (Jeffrey Charles), 1957-The purpose of this study was to investigate how the frictional coefficient was affected due to intraoral use. A secondary aim of this study was to determine whether or not there was a relationship between corrosion of orthodontic alloys and friction via scanning electron microscopic qualitative analysis. Orthodontic brackets and 0.019 x 0.025 inch stainless steel archwires were collected and divided into three groups of n=10: used bracket and used wires (UBUW), used brackets and new wires (UBNW), and new brackets and new wires (NBNW). ‘New’ materials were as-received from the manufacturer, and ‘used’ materials were clinically used bracket and wires collected from patients following orthodontic treatment. Archwires were pulled through bracket slots at a rate of 0.5mm/min while friction forces were measured. Following a cleaning process, the surface topography of the bracket slots was examined under a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Based on a 1-factor MANOVA, there was no significant group effect (all p>0.05) on frictional forces. Partial eta squared values indicated that intraoral exposure had only a small effect on frictional forces (≤ 3%). Qualitative analysis of SEM images did not show an association between surface characteristics of the bracket slots and magnitude of frictional force. Results suggest that surface corrosion from intraoral use does not significantly affect friction at the bracket wire interface.